Department of Animal Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
Vet Res Commun. 2011 Aug;35(6):345-54. doi: 10.1007/s11259-011-9479-5. Epub 2011 May 17.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between cow-specific risk factors and the lactational incidence risks of retained placenta (RP), metritis (MET) and clinical mastitis (CM) in 57,301 dairy cows on 20 large dairy herds in Iran between January 2005 and June 2009. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors for MET, RP and CM and quantify their odds ratio (OR). The lactational incidences of MET, RP and CM were 8%, 5.2% and 18.9%, respectively, and significant risk factors for MET were dystocia (OR = 4.32), stillbirth (OR = 6.26), RP (OR = 27.74), twin births (OR = 6.57), primiparity (OR = 1.68), calving during winter season (OR = 2.45) and male calves (OR = 2.41). Significant risk factors for RP were dystocia (OR = 3.17), stillbirth (OR = 3.18), abortion (OR = 8.46), milk fever (OR = 3.66), twin births (OR = 2.76), pluriparity (OR = 2.69), calving during winter season (OR = 1.86) and shorter gestation length of dairy cows (OR = 3.82). Also, significant risk factors for CM were RP (OR = 9.45), milk fever (OR = 12.36), pluriparity (OR = 2.83), calving during winter season (OR = 1.68) and the first months of lactation (P < 0.001)) and SCC concentrations at previous lactation (OR = 1.82). The current study indicates that differentiation can be made among cows in the risk of having MET, RP and CM based on a combination of cow factors. These differences among cows could be useful to aid the better detection of these diseases in the dairy herds.
本研究旨在评估 2005 年 1 月至 2009 年 6 月期间伊朗 20 个大型奶牛场的 57301 头奶牛的牛特异性风险因素与胎衣不下（RP）、子宫内膜炎（MET）和临床乳腺炎（CM）的泌乳期发病风险之间的关联。采用多变量逻辑回归模型来确定 MET、RP 和 CM 的风险因素，并量化其比值比（OR）。MET、RP 和 CM 的泌乳期发病率分别为 8%、5.2%和 18.9%，难产（OR=4.32）、死胎（OR=6.26）、RP（OR=27.74）、双胎分娩（OR=6.57）、初产（OR=1.68）、冬季分娩（OR=2.45）和公犊是 MET 的显著风险因素（OR=2.41）。RP 的显著风险因素是难产（OR=3.17）、死胎（OR=3.18）、流产（OR=8.46）、产乳热（OR=3.66）、双胎分娩（OR=2.76）、多胎产（OR=2.69）、冬季分娩（OR=1.86）和奶牛妊娠期较短（OR=3.82）。此外，CM 的显著风险因素是 RP（OR=9.45）、产乳热（OR=12.36）、多胎产（OR=2.83）、冬季分娩（OR=1.68）和泌乳前几个月（P<0.001））和前一次泌乳时的 SCC 浓度（OR=1.82）。本研究表明，可以根据奶牛因素的组合，对患有 MET、RP 和 CM 的奶牛进行风险区分。这些奶牛之间的差异可能有助于更好地在奶牛场检测这些疾病。
