Sheldon I Martin, Williams Erin J, Miller Aleisha N A, Nash Deborah M, Herath Shan
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK.
Vet J. 2008 Apr;176(1):115-21. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.12.031. Epub 2008 Mar 7.
Bacterial contamination of the uterine lumen is common in cattle after parturition, often leading to infection and uterine disease. Clinical disease can be diagnosed and scored by examination of the vaginal mucus, which reflects the presence of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Arcanobacterium pyogenes. Viruses may also cause uterine disease and bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is tropic for endometrial cells, causing a rapid cytopathic effect. The elimination of pathogens by the innate immune system is dependent on pattern recognition receptors binding pathogen-associated molecules. Uterine epithelial and stromal cells express receptors such as Toll-like Receptor 4 that binds E. coli lipopolysaccharide. The infertility associated with uterine disease is caused by damage to the endometrium and disruption of ovarian cyclic activity. Bacteria modulate endometrial prostaglandin secretion, and perturb ovarian follicle growth and function. Understanding the molecular basis of uterine disease will lead to novel approaches to treating infertility.
产后母牛子宫腔细菌污染很常见，常导致感染和子宫疾病。通过检查阴道黏液可诊断临床疾病并进行评分，阴道黏液能反映诸如大肠杆菌和化脓隐秘杆菌等病原菌的存在。病毒也可能引发子宫疾病，牛疱疹病毒4（BoHV - 4）对子宫内膜细胞具有嗜性，可引起快速的细胞病变效应。先天免疫系统清除病原体依赖于模式识别受体结合病原体相关分子。子宫上皮细胞和基质细胞表达诸如Toll样受体4等受体，该受体可结合大肠杆菌脂多糖。与子宫疾病相关的不孕症是由子宫内膜损伤和卵巢周期性活动紊乱所致。细菌会调节子宫内膜前列腺素分泌，并干扰卵巢卵泡生长和功能。了解子宫疾病的分子基础将为治疗不孕症带来新方法。
