Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.
Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2011 Aug;24(4):363-9. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0b013e328347b0e7.
Vaccination of healthcare workers (HCWs) against influenza is an important component of infection control in healthcare settings but HCW vaccination rates remain low. Here we review current and emerging strategies for influenza vaccination of HCWs.
Professional organizations have recommended annual influenza vaccination for HCWs since 1984, but HCW vaccination rates have improved minimally. Recent studies indicate that comprehensive influenza vaccination programs have failed to achieve adequate influenza vaccination rates for HCWs in spite of allocating substantial resources to HCW vaccination programs. Mandatory HCW influenza vaccination programs have been introduced and clearly outperform traditional comprehensive vaccination programs. Some argue that mandatory vaccination programs infringe on HCW autonomy, and introduction of mandatory vaccination programs can be controversial. Public reporting of institutional HCW influenza vaccination rates is another strategy to achieve high vaccination rates, as HCW influenza vaccination may be used in the future as a quality and safety metric.
HCW influenza vaccination in the setting of a comprehensive infection control program is a core patient-safety practice. Mandatory HCW influenza vaccination and public reporting of HCW vaccination rates will complement one another in achieving substantial gains for HCW influenza vaccination programs.
医护人员接种流感疫苗是医疗机构感染控制的重要组成部分，但医护人员的疫苗接种率仍然很低。在此，我们综述医护人员流感疫苗接种的当前及新出现的策略。
自1984年以来，专业组织就建议医护人员每年接种流感疫苗，但医护人员的疫苗接种率几乎没有提高。近期研究表明，尽管为医护人员疫苗接种项目投入了大量资源，但全面的流感疫苗接种项目仍未能使医护人员达到足够的流感疫苗接种率。已实施了医护人员流感疫苗强制接种项目，且其明显优于传统的全面接种项目。一些人认为强制接种项目侵犯了医护人员的自主权，因此引入强制接种项目可能存在争议。公开报告机构医护人员的流感疫苗接种率是实现高接种率的另一策略，因为未来医护人员流感疫苗接种情况可能会用作质量和安全指标。
在全面感染控制项目背景下，医护人员流感疫苗接种是一项核心的患者安全措施。医护人员流感疫苗强制接种和公开报告医护人员接种率将相辅相成，使医护人员流感疫苗接种项目取得显著成效。
