Başkent University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Ankara, Turkey.
Schizophr Res. 2011 Aug;130(1-3):195-202. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2011.04.018. Epub 2011 May 17.
Various neuropsychological domains, and P300 auditory event-related potentials (ERP) and mismatch negativity (MMN) exhibit abnormalities in schizophrenia patients and their first-degree relatives. The aims of this study were to compare cognitive and P300/MMN measurements in schizophrenia patients, their siblings, and controls, and to identify the degree of familial influence on each measure.
Thirty patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-IV, 20 unaffected siblings and 25 healthy controls were able to complete all neuropsyhological and neurophysiological assessments. All participants were administered SCID-I and the patients were also evaluated regarding symptom severity and functioning. Neuropsychological battery testing results and P300/MMN measurements were obtained for all the participants.
Both schizophrenia patients and their siblings had lower working memory, as measured by the Auditory Consonant Trigram Test (ACT), and lower MMN amplitude scores than the controls. In addition, the patients had lower attention, verbal memory, executive function, visuomotor speed, and figural memory scores than both the siblings and controls, and lower verbal fluency scores than controls. MMN and P300 amplitudes were lower and P300 latency longer in the schizophrenia patients, as compared to controls. P300 latency was also longer in the schizophrenia patients as compared to siblings and, MMN amplitudes were significantly lower in the siblings compared to controls. Working memory performance measured by ACT significantly predicted inclusion in both the patient and sibling groups and showed significant familial influence. MMN amplitude significantly predicted inclusion only to the patient group and did not show significant familial influence.
The schizophrenia patients exhibited impairment in various cognitive domains and P300/MMN measurements, versus impairment only in working memory and MMN amplitude in their siblings. Working memory seems to have a relatively strong familial influence among all the neuropsychological and neurophysiological parameters evaluated.
各种神经心理学领域，以及 P300 听觉事件相关电位（ERP）和失匹配负波（MMN）在精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属中均表现出异常。本研究旨在比较精神分裂症患者、其兄弟姐妹和对照组的认知和 P300/MMN 测量结果，并确定每种测量方法的家族影响程度。
30 名符合 DSM-IV 标准的精神分裂症患者、20 名未受影响的兄弟姐妹和 25 名健康对照者能够完成所有神经心理学和神经生理学评估。所有参与者均接受了 SCID-I 评估，患者还根据症状严重程度和功能进行了评估。所有参与者均获得了神经心理学测试结果和 P300/MMN 测量结果。
精神分裂症患者和其兄弟姐妹的听觉连续三字母测试（ACT）工作记忆评分均低于对照组，且 MMN 振幅评分也低于对照组。此外，患者的注意力、言语记忆、执行功能、视动速度和图像记忆评分均低于兄弟姐妹和对照组，言语流畅性评分也低于对照组。与对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的 P300 潜伏期延长，MMN 振幅降低，P300 振幅降低，潜伏期延长。与对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的 P300 潜伏期也更长，而 MMN 振幅明显低于对照组。ACT 测量的工作记忆表现显著预测了患者组和兄弟姐妹组的纳入，且具有显著的家族影响。MMN 振幅仅显著预测了患者组的纳入，且无显著的家族影响。
与兄弟姐妹仅在工作记忆和 MMN 振幅方面受损相比，精神分裂症患者在各种认知领域和 P300/MMN 测量方面表现出损伤。在评估的所有神经心理学和神经生理学参数中，工作记忆似乎具有相对较强的家族影响。
