Division of Infectious Diseases, Tufts Cummins School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.
Parasite Immunol. 2012 Feb-Mar;34(2-3):61-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2011.01301.x.
We describe recent advances in the genomics and population biology of Cryptosporidium parvum and C. hominis, the causative agents of cryptosporidiosis in humans and animals. Many basic aspects of the biology of Cryptosporidium species remain to be investigated and effective drugs to control cryptosporidiosis are not available. Sequencing and annotation of the genome of C. parvum and C. hominis has uncovered unique features of the metabolism of these species. The recently sequenced genome of the gastric species C. muris is providing new insights into the evolution of the genus. Cryptosporidian sequence information has facilitated the identification of polymorphic genetic markers. Genotyping of oocysts excreted by human and animal hosts using such markers has revealed many new species and genotypes, and is leading to a better understanding of the epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis.
我们描述了隐孢子虫属（Cryptosporidium）中小肠隐孢子虫（C. parvum）和人隐孢子虫（C. hominis）的基因组学和群体生物学的最新进展，这两种寄生虫是人畜隐孢子虫病的病原体。隐孢子虫属的生物学的许多基本方面仍有待研究，而且目前还没有有效的药物来控制隐孢子虫病。对 C. parvum 和 C. hominis 基因组的测序和注释揭示了这些物种代谢的独特特征。最近测序的胃型寄生虫 C. muris 的基因组为该属的进化提供了新的见解。隐孢子虫序列信息促进了多态性遗传标记的鉴定。利用这些标记对人和动物宿主排出的卵囊进行基因分型，揭示了许多新的种和基因型，这有助于更好地了解隐孢子虫病的流行病学。
