商业卵内注射碳水化合物对肉鸡胚胎发生的影响。

Effects of commercial in ovo injection of carbohydrates on broiler embryogenesis.

机构信息

Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississipi State, MS, USA.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 2011 Jun;90(6):1295-301. doi: 10.3382/ps.2010-01130.

DOI:10.3382/ps.2010-01130

Abstract

The effects of in ovo injection of different carbohydrate solutions on hatchability of fertilized eggs (HF), rate of hatch, BW, body moisture, yolk sac weight, and yolk sac moisture of Ross × 708 broiler chicks, hatched from eggs laid by a 34-wk-old breeder flock, were investigated. Eggs containing live embryos were injected, using an automated multiple-egg injector, in the amnion on d 18.5 of incubation with 0.1, 0.4, 0.7, or 1.0 mL of commercial diluent or a carbohydrate dissolved in diluent. The commercial diluent containing 0.25 g/mL of one of the following carbohydrates was injected into eggs: glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, or dextrin. The results showed that no carbohydrate type or solution volume affected rate of hatch. Absolute and proportional BW on day of hatch were positively related to injection volume (P < 0.001). However, HF was negatively related to injection volume (P < 0.001). To realize an HF of 90%, the injection volume could not exceed 0.4 mL for fructose or sucrose and could not exceed 0.7 mL for glucose, maltose, or dextrin. Yolk-free BW was negatively related to injection volume of fructose and sucrose (P < 0.004), but was not related to injection volume of diluent, glucose, maltose, and dextrin. Conversely, absolute and proportional yolk sac weights were positively related to injection volume of fructose, sucrose, and dextrin (P < 0.01), but were also not significantly related to injection volume of diluent, glucose, and maltose. Yolk sac moisture was positively related to injection volume for all injectables, including the diluent (P < 0.03). However, body moisture and yolk-free body moisture were not related to injection type or volume. In conclusion, the use of carbohydrates added to a commercial diluent for the in ovo injection of broiler hatching eggs requires the use of appropriate volumes to promote growth and nutrient utilization without adversely affecting HF.

摘要

本研究旨在探讨在孵化期第 18.5 天对种蛋的羊膜腔注射不同碳水化合物溶液对受精蛋孵化率（HF）、孵化率、BW、体水分、蛋黄囊重和蛋黄囊水分的影响，所使用的种蛋由 34 周龄种鸡群产下。使用自动多蛋注射器，向含有活胚胎的蛋中注射 0.1、0.4、0.7 或 1.0 mL 的商业稀释剂或溶解在稀释剂中的碳水化合物。向含有以下碳水化合物之一的商业稀释剂中注射 0.25 g/mL 的碳水化合物：葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖或糊精。结果表明，碳水化合物类型或溶液体积对孵化率没有影响。孵化当天的绝对和相对 BW 与注射量呈正相关（P < 0.001）。然而，HF 与注射量呈负相关（P < 0.001）。为了实现 90%的 HF，对于果糖或蔗糖，注射量不能超过 0.4 mL，对于葡萄糖、麦芽糖或糊精，注射量不能超过 0.7 mL。无蛋黄 BW 与果糖和蔗糖的注射量呈负相关（P < 0.004），但与稀释剂、葡萄糖、麦芽糖和糊精的注射量无关。相反，绝对和相对蛋黄囊重量与果糖、蔗糖和糊精的注射量呈正相关（P < 0.01），但与稀释剂、葡萄糖和麦芽糖的注射量无关。蛋黄囊水分与所有注射剂的注射量呈正相关，包括稀释剂（P < 0.03）。然而，体水分和无蛋黄体水分与注射类型或体积无关。总之，在孵化期对肉鸡种蛋的羊膜腔注射添加到商业稀释剂中的碳水化合物需要使用适当的体积来促进生长和营养利用，而不会对 HF 产生不利影响。