The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA. kingtp @ rockefeller.edu
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2011;156(2):205-11. doi: 10.1159/000322847. Epub 2011 May 19.
Insect venoms contain an allergen hyaluronidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of hyaluronan (HA), a polymer of disaccharide GlcUA-GlcNAc in skin. HAs depending on their size have variable function in inflammation and immunity. This paper reports on whether hyaluronidase, HA polymers and oligomers can promote antibody response in mice.
HA oligomers (8- to 50-mer; 3-20 kDa) were obtained by bee venom hyaluronidase digestion of HA polymers (750- to 5,000-mer; 300-2,000 kDa). Antibody responses in mice were compared following 3 biweekly subcutaneous injection of ovalbumin (OVA) with or without test adjuvant.
OVA-specific IgG1 levels were approximately 2 times higher in BALB/c and C3H/HeJ mice receiving OVA and HA oligomer or polymer than those treated with OVA alone, and no increase in total IgE level was observed. In C57Bl/6 mice, observed increases in IgG1 and IgE were 3.5- and 1.7-fold, respectively, for the oligomer and 16- and 5-fold (p < 0.05), respectively, for the polymer.
Hyaluronidase by its action on HA in skin can function indirectly as adjuvant to promote IgE and IgG1 response in mice. Insect venoms also have cytolytic peptides and phospholipases with inflammatory roles. These activities found in mice may contribute to venom allergenicity in susceptible people.
昆虫毒液中含有一种过敏原透明质酸酶，它能催化透明质酸（HA）的水解，HA 是皮肤中双糖 GlcUA-GlcNAc 的聚合物。HA 根据其大小在炎症和免疫中有不同的功能。本文报道了透明质酸酶、HA 聚合物和低聚物是否能促进小鼠的抗体反应。
通过蜂毒透明质酸酶消化 HA 聚合物（750-至 5000 -mer；300-2000 kDa），得到 HA 低聚物（8-至 50 -mer；3-20 kDa）。在 BALB/c 和 C3H/HeJ 小鼠中，通过 3 次皮下注射卵清蛋白（OVA）并加入或不加入测试佐剂，比较了抗体反应。
在接受 OVA 和 HA 低聚物或聚合物的 BALB/c 和 C3H/HeJ 小鼠中，OVA 特异性 IgG1 水平比单独接受 OVA 的小鼠高约 2 倍，且总 IgE 水平没有增加。在 C57Bl/6 小鼠中，观察到的 IgG1 和 IgE 分别增加了 3.5 倍和 1.7 倍（低聚物）和 16 倍和 5 倍（聚合物）（p < 0.05）。
透明质酸酶通过其在皮肤中对 HA 的作用，可以间接作为佐剂，促进小鼠的 IgE 和 IgG1 反应。昆虫毒液还具有细胞溶解肽和具有炎症作用的磷脂酶。这些在小鼠中发现的活性可能有助于毒液的变应原性。
