Laboratório de Biologia de Tripanosomatídeos, FIOCRUZ/RJ. Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Jul;105(7):380-7. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2011.04.008. Epub 2011 May 20.
We examined by parasitological tests (hemocultures and buffy coat) infection by Trypanosoma cruzi and T. evansi in blood samples from Leopardus pardalis, Cerdocyon thous and domestic dogs. Besides, 25 T. cruzi isolates previously derived from feral pigs and small wild mammals were here characterized by miniexon gene and demonstrated to be in the TcI genotype. Herein, we make an overall analysis of the transmission cycle of both trypanosome species in the light of the assemblage of data collected over the last seven years. The carnivore Nasua nasua was confirmed to play a major role in the transmission cycles of both T. cruzi and T. evansi since it was the species that had the higher prevalence and higher parasitemias by both flagellate species. In addition, our results show that both trypanosomatid species may be found throughout the Pantanal landscape, in all forest strata, as shown by the infection of carnivore, arboreal and terrestrial scansorial marsupial species in complex and seasonal transmission cycles. We propose that transmission of T. cruzi and T. evansi in the southern Pantanal region takes place via an intricate ecological trophic network involving generalist and specialist mammal species that are linked through a robust food-web connection.
我们通过寄生虫学检测（血培养和血涂片）检查了 Leopardus pardalis、Cerdocyon thous 和家犬血液样本中是否感染了克氏锥虫和伊氏锥虫。此外，我们还对 25 株先前从野猪和小型野生动物中分离出来的克氏锥虫进行了小外显子基因特征分析，证实其属于 TcI 基因型。在此，我们根据过去七年收集的数据进行了综合分析，阐明了这两种锥虫的传播周期。由于食肉类的貉在这两种锥虫的传播周期中起着主要作用，因此被确认为传播的主要宿主，因为它是受这两种鞭毛虫感染率最高和寄生虫血症最高的物种。此外，我们的结果表明，这两种原生动物可能存在于潘塔纳尔景观的所有森林层中，因为食肉类、树栖和陆生有袋类动物在复杂和季节性的传播周期中被感染。我们提出，在南潘塔纳尔地区，克氏锥虫和伊氏锥虫的传播是通过涉及广义和特化哺乳动物物种的复杂生态营养网络进行的，这些物种通过强大的食物网连接在一起。
