Vector Control Research Centre (ICMR), Medical Complex, Indira Nagar, Pondicherry-605006, India.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Aug;105(8):431-7. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2011.04.006. Epub 2011 May 23.
Annual mass drug administration (MDA) is the recommended strategy for lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination. We assessed the effect of six rounds of mass administration of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and albendazole (ALB) on microfilaria (Mf) prevalence and intensity and vector infection and infectivity rates and circulating filarial antigenaemia (CFA) in a group of five villages in south India, endemic for Culex-transmitted bancroftian filariasis. During different rounds of MDA, 60-70% of the eligible population (>15 kg body weight) was treated. The MDA reduced the Mf prevalence from 8.10% (CI 6.18-10.01) to 1.01% (CI 0.31-1.71) (P<0.05) and geometric mean intensity of Mf from 0.31 (CI 0.22-0.40) to 0.02 (CI 0.00-0.04) (P<0.05), equivalent to a fall of 86% and 94% respectively. The vector infection and infectivity rates declined from 13.11% (CI 11.52-14.70) to 0.78% (CI 0.16-1.40) (P<0.05) and 1.04% (CI 0.56-1.52) to 0.13% (CI 0.00-0.39) (P<0.05), respectively. Four out of the five villages recorded <0.5% Mf prevalence and 0% vector infection rate. Circulating filarial antigenaemia (CFA) fell by 86% in the total population and 100% in 1-10 year old children. One of the five villages, which showed the highest baseline vector infection rate, showed >1.0% Mf rate. The results suggest that six rounds of mass administration of DEC and ALB, with 60-70% treatment coverage, is likely to achieve total interruption of transmission and elimination of LF in the majority of villages.
每年进行大规模药物治疗（MDA）是淋巴丝虫病（LF）消除的推荐策略。我们评估了在印度南部五个村庄进行六轮乙胺嗪（DEC）和阿苯达唑（ALB）大规模治疗对微丝蚴（Mf）流行率和强度以及媒介感染和感染力率以及循环丝虫抗原血症（CFA）的影响，这些村庄都有库蚊传播的班氏丝虫病。在 MDA 的不同轮次中，有 60-70%的符合条件的人群（体重>15 公斤）接受了治疗。MDA 使 Mf 的流行率从 8.10%（CI 6.18-10.01）降至 1.01%（CI 0.31-1.71）（P<0.05），Mf 的几何平均强度从 0.31（CI 0.22-0.40）降至 0.02（CI 0.00-0.04）（P<0.05），分别下降了 86%和 94%。媒介感染和感染力率从 13.11%（CI 11.52-14.70）降至 0.78%（CI 0.16-1.40）（P<0.05）和 1.04%（CI 0.56-1.52）降至 0.13%（CI 0.00-0.39）（P<0.05）。五个村庄中有四个记录的 Mf 流行率<0.5%，且媒介感染率为 0%。总人群的循环丝虫抗原血症（CFA）下降了 86%，1-10 岁儿童的 CFA 下降了 100%。五个村庄中的一个，其基线媒介感染率最高，显示 Mf 率>1.0%。结果表明，60-70%的治疗覆盖率下进行六轮 DEC 和 ALB 大规模治疗，可能会使大多数村庄的 LF 传播和消除达到完全中断。
