Subsurface Geobiology Advanced Research (SUGAR) Project, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2011 Jun;14(3):282-91. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2011.04.013. Epub 2011 May 23.
Over the past 35 years, researchers have explored deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments around the globe and studied a number of archaea, their unique metabolic and physiological properties, and their vast phylogenetic diversity. Although the pace of discovery of new archaeal taxa, phylotypes and phenotypes in deep-sea hydrothermal vents has slowed recently, bioinformatics and interdisciplinary geochemistry-microbiology approaches are providing new information on the diversity and community composition of archaea living in deep-sea vents. Recent investigations have revealed that archaea could have originated and dispersed from ancestral communities endemic to hydrothermal vents into other biomes on Earth, and the community structure and productivity of chemolithotrophic archaea are controlled primarily by variations in the geochemical composition of hydrothermal fluids.
在过去的 35 年中，研究人员探索了全球深海热液喷口环境，并研究了许多古菌，它们独特的代谢和生理特性，以及它们广泛的系统发育多样性。尽管深海热液喷口中新的古菌分类群、型和表型的发现速度最近有所放缓，但生物信息学和跨学科地球化学-微生物学方法正在为生活在深海喷口的古菌的多样性和群落组成提供新的信息。最近的研究表明，古菌可能起源于热液喷口特有的祖先群落，并从那里扩散到地球上的其他生物群系，化能自养古菌的群落结构和生产力主要受热液流体化学成分变化的控制。
