Liu Bei, Ely Daniel
Department of Biology, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3908, USA.
Adv Pharmacol Sci. 2011;2011:817835. doi: 10.1155/2011/817835. Epub 2011 Apr 26.
Estrogen (E) and testosterone (T) are important in the sexually dimorphic pattern of blood pressure (BP) development. The goal was to examine the effects of endogenous E and exogenous T in the development of hypertension in female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) on a high sodium diet. Female SHR (N = 27, 5-week) were divided into four groups: (1) control (n = 8), (2) ovariectomized (OVX, n = 26), (3) testosterone implants with intact ovaries (T, n = 6), and (4) ovariectomized + testosterone implants (OVX+T, n = 7). T was given immediately after OVX and replaced every two weeks and they were fed a 3% NaCl diet. BP was measured weekly and plasma norepinephrine (NE) analyzed by HPLC. OVX+T females exhibited the greatest elevation in BP (190 ± 4.0 mmHg) compared to controls at 15 weeks of age (140 ± 3.4 mmHg, P < .001) and a pattern of hypertension development similar to that of male SHR. Females with T treatment showed evidence of glomerulosclerosis. In conclusion, T accelerated the development of hypertension similar to the BP pattern observed in males; the presence of ovaries attenuated the T induced increase in BP; T increased renal sodium reabsorption, and T increased glomerulosclerosis.
雌激素（E）和睾酮（T）在血压（BP）发育的性别差异模式中起着重要作用。本研究旨在探讨内源性E和外源性T对高钠饮食的雌性自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）高血压发展的影响。将雌性SHR（N = 27，5周龄）分为四组：（1）对照组（n = 8），（2）去卵巢组（OVX，n = 26），（3）保留卵巢的睾酮植入组（T，n = 6），以及（4）去卵巢+睾酮植入组（OVX+T，n = 7）。OVX后立即给予T，每两周更换一次，给予3% NaCl饮食。每周测量血压，用高效液相色谱法分析血浆去甲肾上腺素（NE）。与15周龄时的对照组（140±3.4 mmHg，P < 0.001）相比，OVX+T雌性大鼠的血压升高幅度最大（190±4.0 mmHg），且高血压发展模式与雄性SHR相似。接受T治疗的雌性大鼠有肾小球硬化的迹象。总之，T加速了高血压的发展，类似于在雄性大鼠中观察到的血压模式；卵巢的存在减弱了T诱导的血压升高；T增加了肾脏对钠的重吸收，且T增加了肾小球硬化。
