Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Japan.
Dev Psychol. 2011 Jul;47(4):1042-9. doi: 10.1037/a0023765.
In the present study, we investigated whether infants' own visual experiences affected their perception of the visual status of others engaging in goal-directed actions. In Experiment 1, infants viewed video clips of successful and failed goal-directed actions performed by a blindfolded adult, with half the infants having previously experienced being blindfolded. The results showed that 12-month-old infants who were previously blindfolded preferred to look longer at the demonstrator's successful actions, whereas no such preference was observed in 8-month-old infants. In Experiment 2, infants watched the same 2 actions when the adult demonstrator was not blindfolded. The responses of 12-month-old infants were the opposite of those observed in Experiment 1: they showed a preference for the failed actions. These findings suggest that previous experience influenced the subsequent perception of others' goal-directed actions in the 12-month-old infants. We favor the interpretation that the preference for the successful actions in the 12-months-old infants provided with blindfolded experience demonstrates the influence of perceptual experience on considering the visual status of others engaging in goal-directed actions.
在本研究中，我们调查了婴儿自身的视觉体验是否会影响他们对他人进行目标导向行为时的视觉状态的感知。在实验 1 中，婴儿观看了一个蒙住眼睛的成年人成功和失败的目标导向动作的视频片段，其中一半婴儿之前有过蒙住眼睛的体验。结果表明，之前蒙住眼睛的 12 个月大的婴儿更喜欢长时间地注视示范者成功的动作，而 8 个月大的婴儿则没有表现出这种偏好。在实验 2 中，当成人示范者没有蒙住眼睛时，婴儿观看了相同的 2 个动作。12 个月大婴儿的反应与实验 1 观察到的相反：他们更喜欢失败的动作。这些发现表明，先前的经验影响了 12 个月大婴儿对他人目标导向动作的后续感知。我们倾向于这样的解释，即有蒙住眼睛体验的 12 个月大婴儿对成功动作的偏好表明了知觉经验对考虑他人进行目标导向动作时的视觉状态的影响。
