Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Health Psychol. 2013 Apr;32(4):370-8. doi: 10.1037/a0023857. Epub 2011 May 23.
This study assessed whether repeated experience with a physical activity leads to increased risk taking and compared what factors (risk appraisals, emotion ratings, child attributes) predict risk taking before and after practice doing the activity.
Children 7 to 12 years of age participated in an ecologically valid risk-taking task in which they chose the highest height at which to set a balance beam before and after they practiced walking across it.
Prior to accumulating experience, predictors of risk taking included appraisals of risk, child attributes, and extent of past experience with the activity. After accumulating experience, risk taking increased and was predicted by behavioral attributes (low inhibitory control, high sensation seeking) and appraisal of perceived vulnerability.
When aiming to reduce risk taking, the best approach will be one that targets different determinants depending on children's extent of experience with the recreational activity.
本研究旨在评估反复进行一项身体活动是否会导致冒险行为增加，并比较在进行活动前后，哪些因素（风险评估、情绪评分、儿童特征）可以预测冒险行为。
7 至 12 岁的儿童参与了一项生态有效的冒险行为任务，他们在练习走过平衡木之前和之后，选择最高的高度来设置平衡木。
在积累经验之前，冒险行为的预测因素包括对风险的评估、儿童特征和对活动的以往经验程度。在积累经验之后，冒险行为增加，并由行为特征（低抑制控制、高感觉寻求）和感知脆弱性评估来预测。
当旨在减少冒险行为时，最佳方法将是根据儿童对娱乐活动的经验程度，针对不同的决定因素。
