Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University and Research Centre, PO Box 230, NL-6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands.
J Anim Sci. 2011 Jun;89(6):1922-9. doi: 10.2527/jas.2010-3046.
The aim of this study was to investigate farm-level economic and technical factors that are associated with the use of antibiotics on pig farms. Identification of such factors, like farm size and net farm result, may help to increase epidemiological knowledge and to specify farm advice and policy making to reduce inappropriate use of antibiotics. The study used over 300 farm-year records collected during 2004 to 2007 from pig farms in the Netherlands. Data included economic and technical factors as well as antibiotic administration. Data were statistically analyzed for factors associated with antibiotic use, both for fattening pig and sow farms (piglets only), separately. The response variable was the average number of daily dosages per average pig year. Statistical analysis was performed on 16 and 19 potential explanatory factors for the fattening pig and sow farms, respectively. The results showed that, both on the fattening pig and sow farms, the average use of antibiotics increased from 2004 to 2006, but decreased during 2007, but the effect of year was not significant (P > 0.05). Use of antibiotics varied between individual farms. Large farm repeatability for the use of antibiotics in the different years was found. Factors associated (P < 0.05) with the use of antibiotics included: farm system, number of pigs, and population density in the region of the farm (for sow farms only). As these factors are easy to collect and to register, they can be used to specify farm advice and investigation, as well as for policy making. The majority of the technical and economic factors were not significantly (P > 0.05) related to the on-farm use of antibiotics. Therefore, it is recommended to focus future research on the potential role of socioeconomic factors associated with antibiotic use on pig farms.
本研究旨在调查与猪场抗生素使用相关的农场经济和技术因素。确定这些因素，如农场规模和净农场收益，可能有助于增加流行病学知识，并为减少抗生素的不合理使用提供具体的农场建议和政策制定。本研究使用了 2004 年至 2007 年期间从荷兰猪场收集的 300 多个农场年记录。数据包括经济和技术因素以及抗生素管理。对与抗生素使用相关的因素进行了统计分析，分别针对育肥猪和母猪场（仅仔猪）。因变量为每头猪年的平均日剂量数。对 16 个和 19 个潜在的育肥猪和母猪场解释因素进行了统计分析。结果表明，无论是在育肥猪还是母猪场，抗生素的平均使用量从 2004 年到 2006 年增加，但在 2007 年减少，但年份的影响并不显著（P > 0.05）。抗生素的使用在各个农场之间存在差异。发现不同年份抗生素使用的大型农场具有可重复性。与抗生素使用相关的因素（P < 0.05）包括：农场系统、猪的数量和农场所在地区的人口密度（仅适用于母猪场）。由于这些因素易于收集和登记，因此可以用于指定农场建议和调查，以及制定政策。大多数技术和经济因素与农场抗生素使用无显著相关性（P > 0.05）。因此，建议未来的研究重点关注与猪场抗生素使用相关的社会经济因素的潜在作用。
