脂肪生成与成骨作用：骨疾病病理生理学中的转分化
Adipogenesis and osteoblastogenesis: trans-differentiation in the pathophysiology of bone disorders.
作者信息
Savopoulos Ch, Dokos Ch, Kaiafa G, Hatzitolios A
机构信息
1 Medical Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
出版信息
Hippokratia. 2011 Jan;15(1):18-21.
Abstract
Mesechymal stem cells as pluripotent cells are involved in the differentiation of adipocytes under regulation of genes and transcription factors. The plasticity observed between adipocytes and osteoblasts differentiation is the basis of transdifferentiation, observed in both experimental and clinical level. This review analyzes not only the adipose tissue as an endocrine organ but also the underlying mechanism of trans-differentiation between adipocytes and osteoblasts. Fat and bone tissue interaction is altered by activation or silencing of genes, signaling molecules and transcription factors. Disorders of this interaction include ectopic ossification syndromes and other bone disorders like osteoporosis and multiple myeloma. Further research will reveal the instinct mechanisms of this imbalance in the pathophysiology of many metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus, atherogenesis e.t.c.
摘要
间充质干细胞作为多能细胞，在基因和转录因子的调控下参与脂肪细胞的分化。脂肪细胞和成骨细胞分化之间观察到的可塑性是转分化的基础，在实验和临床水平上均有观察到。本综述不仅分析了脂肪组织作为内分泌器官，还分析了脂肪细胞和成骨细胞之间转分化的潜在机制。基因、信号分子和转录因子的激活或沉默会改变脂肪组织与骨组织之间的相互作用。这种相互作用的紊乱包括异位骨化综合征和其他骨疾病，如骨质疏松症和多发性骨髓瘤。进一步的研究将揭示这种失衡在许多代谢紊乱（如糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化等）病理生理学中的内在机制。
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