Ênio José Bassi, Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara, Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Universidade of São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil.
World J Stem Cells. 2011 Jan 26;3(1):1-8. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v3.i1.1.
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can be isolated and efficiently expanded from almost every single body tissue and have the ability of self-renewal and differentiation into various mesodermal cell lineages. Moreover, these cells are considered immunologically privileged, related to a lack of surface expression of costimulatory molecules required for complete T cell activation. Recently, it has been observed that MSC are capable of suppressing the immune response by inhibiting the maturation of dendritic cells and suppressing the function of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and natural killer cells in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases as a new strategy for immunosuppression. The understanding of immune regulation mechanisms by MSC is necessary for their use as immunotherapy in clinical applications for several diseases.
多能间充质基质细胞（MSC）几乎可以从每个身体组织中分离出来并有效地扩增，并且具有自我更新和分化为各种中胚层细胞谱系的能力。此外，这些细胞被认为具有免疫特权，与完全 T 细胞激活所需的共刺激分子的表面表达缺失有关。最近，人们观察到 MSC 通过抑制树突状细胞的成熟和抑制自身免疫和炎症性疾病中 T 淋巴细胞、B 淋巴细胞和自然杀伤细胞的功能来抑制免疫反应，这是一种新的免疫抑制策略。为了将 MSC 作为几种疾病的免疫疗法在临床应用中使用，有必要了解 MSC 的免疫调节机制。
