Wang Zhenning, Huang Meng, Zhang Yu, Jiang Xiaoxia, Xu Lulu
Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China.
Department of Orthodontics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
Stem Cells Int. 2023 Jun 10;2023:4547875. doi: 10.1155/2023/4547875. eCollection 2023.
Since the discovery of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the 1970s, they have been widely used in the treatment of a variety of diseases because of their wide sources, strong differentiation potential, rapid expansion in vitro, low immunogenicity, and so on. At present, most of the related research is on mesoderm-derived MSCs (M-MSCs) such as bone marrow MSCs and adipose-derived MSCs. As a type of MSC, ectoderm-derived MSCs (E-MSCs) have a stronger potential for self-renewal, multidirectional differentiation, and immunomodulation and have more advantages than M-MSCs in some specific conditions. This paper analyzes the relevant research development of E-MSCs compared with that of M-MSCs; summarizes the extraction, discrimination and culture, biological characteristics, and clinical application of E-MSCs; and discusses the application prospects of E-MSCs. This summary provides a theoretical basis for the better application of MSCs from both ectoderm and mesoderm in the future.
自20世纪70年代间充质干细胞（MSCs）被发现以来，因其来源广泛、分化潜能强、体外扩增迅速、免疫原性低等特点，已被广泛应用于多种疾病的治疗。目前，相关研究大多集中于中胚层来源的MSCs（M-MSCs），如骨髓间充质干细胞和脂肪来源的间充质干细胞。作为MSCs的一种类型，外胚层来源的间充质干细胞（E-MSCs）具有更强的自我更新、多向分化及免疫调节能力，在某些特定条件下比M-MSCs具有更多优势。本文分析了E-MSCs与M-MSCs相比的相关研究进展；总结了E-MSCs的提取、鉴别与培养、生物学特性及临床应用；并探讨了E-MSCs的应用前景。本综述为未来更好地应用外胚层和中胚层来源的MSCs提供了理论依据。
