Chiang Peggy Pei-Chia, O'Connor Patricia Mary, Le Mesurier Richard Thomas, Keeffe Jill Elizabeth
Singapore Eye Research Institute.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2011 Jun;18(3):109-21. doi: 10.3109/09286586.2011.560745.
To conduct a global survey of low vision services to describe the needs, priorities, and barriers in provision and coverage.
Data were mainly derived from a survey and from some secondary sources. The survey was distributed to Vision 2020 contacts, government, and non-government organizations (NGOs) in 195 countries during 2006-2008. Themes in the survey were: epidemiology of low vision, policies on low vision, provision of services, human resources, barriers to service delivery, equipment availability, and monitoring and evaluation of service outcomes. Contradictory and/or incomplete data were returned for further clarification and verification. The Human Poverty Index was used to compare the findings from developed and developing countries.
Service availability was established for 178/195 countries, with 115 having some low vision service. Approximately half the countries in the African and Western Pacific regions have no services. Few countries have >10 low vision health professionals per 10 million of population. In many of the countries NGOs were the main providers and funders. Funding and awareness were frequently cited as barriers to service access. Women, people with disabilities, and rural dwellers were less likely to access services. There were few reports of monitoring and evaluation into the quality and impact of services.
This global survey provides the first consolidated baseline of low vision service provision. Where data are available, coverage of services is generally poor. Low vision health professional numbers are low. Services in over half of the world's countries are funded by NGOs, raising issues of sustainability.
开展一项关于低视力服务的全球调查，以描述提供服务和覆盖范围方面的需求、优先事项及障碍。
数据主要来源于一项调查以及一些二手资料。该调查在2006 - 2008年期间分发给了195个国家的“视觉2020”联系人、政府及非政府组织（NGO）。调查主题包括：低视力流行病学、低视力政策、服务提供、人力资源、服务提供障碍、设备可用性以及服务成果的监测与评估。对于相互矛盾和/或不完整的数据，会要求进一步澄清和核实。采用人类贫困指数来比较发达国家和发展中国家的调查结果。
确定了178/195个国家的服务可及情况，其中115个国家提供了一些低视力服务。非洲和西太平洋地区约一半的国家没有相关服务。每1000万人口中，拥有超过10名低视力健康专业人员的国家很少。在许多国家，非政府组织是主要的服务提供者和资助者。资金和认知度经常被提及为获取服务的障碍。女性、残疾人和农村居民获得服务的可能性较小。关于服务质量和影响的监测与评估报告很少。
这项全球调查提供了首个关于低视力服务提供情况的综合基线。在有数据的地方，服务覆盖范围总体较差。低视力健康专业人员数量不足。世界上一半以上国家的服务由非政府组织资助，这引发了可持续性问题。
