Jalab Chadi, Enea Carina, Delpech Nathalie, Bernard Olivier
Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire des adaptations physiologiques aux activités physiques (LAPHAP, EA 3813), F-86000 Poitiers, France.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2011 Apr;36(2):219-25. doi: 10.1139/h10-107.
The main purpose of this study is to estimate the dynamics of oxygen uptake (VO2) during a 100 m front crawl event, performed in competition conditions. Eleven trained swimmers participated in 2 separate sessions, in a 25 m swimming pool. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was determined during a 400 m maximal event. Swimmers also performed a 100 m front crawl in competition conditions, and then, 3 tests (25, 50, and 75 m) following the pacing strategy of the 100 m event. To be free of technical constraints, VO2 was not measured during the tests, but before and just at the end of each test with a 1 min breath-by-breath method. Each post-test VO2 measurement (after 25, 50, 75, and 100 m) allows us to reconstruct the VO2 kinetics of the 100 m performance. Our results differ from previous studies in that VO2 increases faster in the first half of the race (at 50 m, VO2 ≈ 94% VO2max), reaches VO2max at the 75 m mark; then a decrease in VO2 corresponding to 7% of VO2max appears during the last 25 m. These differences are supposed to be mainly the consequences of the adoption of technical elements and a pacing strategy similar to competition conditions. In the future, these observations may lead to different considerations of the bioenergetic contributions.
本研究的主要目的是评估在比赛条件下进行100米自由泳时摄氧量（VO2）的动态变化。11名受过训练的游泳运动员在一个25米的游泳池中参加了2次单独的训练。在400米最大强度项目中测定了最大摄氧量（VO2max）。游泳运动员还在比赛条件下进行了100米自由泳，然后按照100米项目的配速策略进行了3次测试（25米、50米和75米）。为了不受技术限制，测试过程中未测量VO2，而是在每次测试前和结束时采用逐次呼吸法测量1分钟。每次测试后（25米、50米、75米和100米后）的VO2测量值使我们能够重建100米成绩的VO2动力学。我们的结果与之前的研究不同，即比赛前半程VO2增加更快（50米时，VO2约为VO2max的94%），在75米处达到VO2max；然后在最后25米期间出现VO2下降，降幅相当于VO2max的7%。这些差异主要被认为是采用了与比赛条件相似的技术要素和配速策略的结果。未来，这些观察结果可能会导致对生物能量贡献的不同考量。
