Costill D L, Kovaleski J, Porter D, Kirwan J, Fielding R, King D
Int J Sports Med. 1985 Oct;6(5):266-70. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1025849.
Male (n = 25) and female (n = 14) competitive swimmers were studied during tethered (breaststroke) and free (front crawl) swimming to determine the validity of calculating exercise oxygen uptake (VO2) from expired gas samples taken immediately after the activity. Based on a single 20-s recovery VO2, the swimmers' VO2 max was correlated with performance in a 400-yd (365.8-m) front crawl swim. The best predictors of VO2 max for trained swimmers were lean body weight and stroke index (r = 0.97). The single best predictor of performance in the 365.8-m front crawl swim was the distance per stroke (r = 0.88), whereas the combination of distance per stroke and VO2 max (ml/kg LBW/min) correlated 0.97 with performance in the swim. This study demonstrates that it is possible to accurately determine the VO2 during maximal and submaximal swimming using a single, 20-s expired gas collection taken immediately after a 4-7 min swim. These findings demonstrate the importance of stroke technique on the energy cost and variations in performance during competitive swimming.
对25名男性和14名女性竞技游泳运动员进行了研究，研究内容包括在系绳（蛙泳）和自由（爬泳）游泳过程中，确定根据活动结束后立即采集的呼出气体样本计算运动摄氧量（VO2）的有效性。基于单次20秒恢复VO2，游泳运动员的最大摄氧量与400码（365.8米）爬泳的成绩相关。训练有素的游泳运动员最大摄氧量的最佳预测指标是瘦体重和划水指数（r = 0.97）。365.8米爬泳成绩的最佳单一预测指标是每划距离（r = 0.88），而每划距离和最大摄氧量（毫升/千克瘦体重/分钟）的组合与游泳成绩的相关性为0.97。这项研究表明，在4至7分钟游泳后立即进行单次20秒的呼出气体采集，就有可能准确测定最大和次最大游泳时的VO2。这些发现证明了划水技术对竞技游泳时能量消耗和成绩变化的重要性。
