Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Eur J Public Health. 2012 Jun;22(3):383-9. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckr067. Epub 2011 May 26.
The association between breastfeeding and obesity is inconsistent by the literature. This study aims to assess whether obesity is associated to occurrence of breastfeeding and to duration of total and exclusive breastfeeding in Brazilian children.
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 764 children enrolled in public and private schools from Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Obesity (outcome variable) was defined as body mass index above the +2 standard deviations score using sex and age specific standards of World Health Organization. Exposure was the occurrence and duration of breastfeeding. Potential confounders were controlled by multiple logistic regression analysis and were divided in two groups: children (gender, age, birth weight, gestational age, order of birth, number of siblings, number of persons in the residence, type of school, physical activity patterns and time watching television) and mothers (age, nutritional status, level of education, weight gain during pregnancy, smokes currently and during the pregnancy).
Prevalence of obesity was 10.7%; 6.8% of the children were not breastfed and 59.0% did not receive exclusive breastfeeding. After adjustment for confounding variables by logistic regression analysis, no statistically significant association was observed between obesity and the occurrence and/or duration of total and exclusive breastfeeding. There was no dose-response effect of duration of breastfeeding on prevalence of obesity.
Our results do not support the hypothesis that breastfeeding promotion would reduce obesity in this population. Controversial findings regarding this association by literature indicate a need for further investigations.
母乳喂养与肥胖之间的关联在文献中并不一致。本研究旨在评估肥胖是否与母乳喂养的发生和总母乳喂养及纯母乳喂养的持续时间有关。
本研究为一项横断面研究，共纳入了来自巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州维索萨市公立和私立学校的 764 名儿童。肥胖（结局变量）的定义为采用世界卫生组织特定性别和年龄的体重指数超过+2 个标准差评分。暴露因素为母乳喂养的发生和持续时间。潜在的混杂因素通过多因素逻辑回归分析进行控制，并分为两组：儿童（性别、年龄、出生体重、胎龄、出生顺序、兄弟姐妹数量、居住人数、学校类型、体力活动模式和看电视时间）和母亲（年龄、营养状况、受教育程度、孕期体重增加、当前吸烟状况和孕期吸烟状况）。
肥胖的患病率为 10.7%；有 6.8%的儿童未接受母乳喂养，59.0%的儿童未接受纯母乳喂养。通过逻辑回归分析对混杂因素进行调整后，肥胖与母乳喂养的发生和/或持续时间之间无统计学显著关联。母乳喂养持续时间与肥胖患病率之间没有剂量-反应关系。
我们的研究结果不支持母乳喂养促进可降低该人群肥胖率的假设。文献中关于这种关联的有争议的发现表明需要进一步研究。
