Palombi O, Pihuit A, Cani M-P
Anatomy Laboratory of Grenoble Universities, LADAF, UJF, Grenoble, France.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2011 Sep;33(7):631-6. doi: 10.1007/s00276-011-0827-5. Epub 2011 May 27.
Sketching is an intuitive way to explain spatial relationships between complex objects. The French community of Anatomists are used to teaching didactic lectures on a blackboard with their colored chalks. The increasing complexity of the sketches affords to the students an opportunity to work out a mental representation of anatomical structures in 3D. To help students perform this labored step, we present a new interactive blackboard which constructs plausible 3D models of branching vessels from a single sketch. We exploit the sketching conventions used in anatomical drawings to infer depth and curvature. We then model the set of branching vessels as a convolution surface generated by a graph of skeleton curves. Classic situations, focused on arteries, have been analyzed to manage vessels' curvatures, subdivisions and overlaps. Original sketches and 3D models are presented for each case. No specific training is required to use the interface. The anatomists have begun to embrace a new generation of 3D digital modeling applications as tools for anatomical teaching. We discuss the future use of this system as a step towards the interactive teaching of anatomy.
草图绘制是解释复杂物体之间空间关系的一种直观方式。法国解剖学家群体习惯用彩色粉笔在黑板上进行教学讲座。草图日益复杂，为学生提供了一个在三维空间中构建解剖结构心理表征的机会。为帮助学生完成这一费力的步骤，我们展示了一种新的交互式黑板，它能从单张草图构建出合理的分支血管三维模型。我们利用解剖图中使用的草图绘制惯例来推断深度和曲率。然后，我们将分支血管集建模为由骨骼曲线图表生成的卷积曲面。针对动脉的经典情况进行了分析，以处理血管的曲率、细分和重叠问题。针对每种情况都展示了原始草图和三维模型。使用该界面无需特殊培训。解剖学家已开始采用新一代三维数字建模应用程序作为解剖学教学工具。我们讨论了该系统作为迈向解剖学交互式教学的一步的未来用途。
