Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2011 Jun;14(3):244-50. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2011.04.003. Epub 2011 May 27.
The industrialization of food animal production, specifically the widespread use of antimicrobials, not only increased pressure on microbial populations, but also changed the ecosystems in which antimicrobials and bacteria interact. In this review, we argue that industrial food animal production (IFAP) is appropriately defined as an anthropogenic ecosystem. This paper uses an ecosystem perspective to frame an examination of these changes in the context of U.S. broiler chicken production. This perspective emphasizes multiple modes by which IFAP has altered microbiomes and also suggests a means of generating hypotheses for understanding and predicting the ecological impacts of IFAP in terms of the resistome and the flow of resistance within and between microbiomes.
食品动物生产的工业化，特别是抗生素的广泛使用，不仅增加了微生物种群的压力，还改变了抗生素和细菌相互作用的生态系统。在这篇综述中，我们认为工业食品动物生产（IFAP）恰当地被定义为人为生态系统。本文使用生态系统的观点来构建在美国肉鸡生产背景下对这些变化的考察。这种观点强调了 IFAP 改变微生物组的多种方式，并提出了一种生成假设的方法，以理解和预测 IFAP 在抗药性和微生物组内外抗药性流动方面的生态影响。
