Preston Marnie, Sherman Larry S
Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA.
Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2011 Jun 1;3(3):1165-79. doi: 10.2741/218.
Neural stem/progenitor cells capable of differentiating into the neurons and glial cells that populate the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) persist in specific neural stem cell niches that regulate stem cell proliferation, survival and differentiation. There is growing evidence that the extracellular matrix within neural stem cell niches is required for neural stem cell maintenance. Here, we review findings supporting a pivotal role for the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA) and its transmembrane receptors in neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation, differentiation and maturation. We also outline findings supporting changing roles for HA as cells become committed to distinct lineages in the brain and spinal cord.
能够分化为构成哺乳动物中枢神经系统（CNS）的神经元和神经胶质细胞的神经干/祖细胞，存在于特定的神经干细胞微环境中，这些微环境调节干细胞的增殖、存活和分化。越来越多的证据表明，神经干细胞微环境中的细胞外基质是维持神经干细胞所必需的。在此，我们综述了支持糖胺聚糖透明质酸（HA）及其跨膜受体在神经干/祖细胞增殖、分化和成熟中起关键作用的研究结果。我们还概述了支持随着细胞在脑和脊髓中分化为不同谱系，HA作用发生变化的研究结果。
