CNRS, Centre des Sciences du Goût, Equipe Ethologie Développementale et Psychologie Cognitive, Dijon, France.
Chem Senses. 2011 Oct;36(8):693-700. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjr049. Epub 2011 May 26.
Processing of odor mixtures by neonates is weakly understood. Previous studies showed that a binary mixture of ethyl isobutyrate/ethyl maltol (odorants A/B) blends in newborn rabbits at the 30/70 ratio: Pups would perceive a configural odor in addition to the components' odors. Here, we investigated whether the emergence of this additional odor in AB is determined by specific ratio(s) of A and B. To that goal, we tested whether pups discriminated between AB mixtures with lower (A(-)B, 8/92 ratio) or higher (A(+)B, 68/32) proportion of A. In Experiment 1, pups conditioned to A (or B) responded to A(-)B and A(+)B but not to AB. In Experiment 2, pups responded to A(-)B after learning of A(-) (and to A(+)B after learning of A(+)) but not to AB. In Experiment 3, after conditioning to A(-)B pups responded to A(-) and B (and to A(+) and B after learning of A(+)B) but not or less to AB. In Experiment 4, pups responded to A(-)B and A(+)B after conditioning to AB. These results confirm the configural perception of certain odor mixtures by young organisms and reveal that the proportion of components is a key factor influencing their coding, recognition, and discrimination of complex stimuli.
新生儿对气味混合物的处理能力理解不足。先前的研究表明,在新生兔子中,乙酯异丁酸酯/乙基麦芽酚(气味剂 A/B)的二元混合物以 30/70 的比例混合:除了气味剂的气味外,幼崽还会感知到一种组合气味。在这里,我们研究了这种额外气味在 AB 中的出现是否取决于 A 和 B 的特定比例。为此,我们测试了幼崽是否能区分 AB 混合物中 A 的比例较低(A(-)B,8/92 比例)或较高(A(+)B,68/32 比例)。在实验 1 中,条件反射到 A(或 B)的幼崽对 A(-)B 和 A(+)B 有反应,但对 AB 没有反应。在实验 2 中,在学习 A(-)后,幼崽对 A(-)B 有反应,在学习 A(+)后,对 A(+)B 有反应,但对 AB 没有反应。在实验 3 中,在条件反射到 A(-)B 后,幼崽对 A(-)和 B 有反应(在学习 A(+)B 后,对 A(+)和 B 有反应),但对 AB 的反应较少或没有。在实验 4 中,在对 AB 进行条件反射后,幼崽对 A(-)B 和 A(+)B 有反应。这些结果证实了年轻生物体对某些气味混合物的组合感知,并揭示了成分比例是影响它们对复杂刺激的编码、识别和区分的关键因素。