Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2011 Oct;158(2):135-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.04.037. Epub 2011 May 31.
Recent advances in assisted reproductive technology (ART) have made it possible to circumvent many causes of male and female infertility. The right to have a child by ART has been respected for infertile couples. However, there are currently no legal regulations concerning ART in Japan, and this has resulted in social and ethical problems. Surrogacy involves particularly complex medical, ethical, social, and legal issues, and is frequently focused on as a major social concern. Uterine transplantation (UTx) is a potential alternative for young women with uterine factor infertility due to hysterectomy for treatment of a malignant uterine tumor or massive blood loss after delivery, or because of a congenital disease such as Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster syndrome. UTx has been examined in experimental animals as a basis for establishment of fecundity for young women with uterine factor infertility. In this review, we focus on surrogacy in Japan and UTx research, and discuss the current status and concerns in this field.
近年来，辅助生殖技术（ART）的进步使得克服许多男性和女性不孕原因成为可能。ART 为不孕夫妇提供了生育孩子的权利。然而，目前日本没有关于 ART 的法律规定，这导致了社会和伦理问题。代孕涉及到特别复杂的医学、伦理、社会和法律问题，经常成为主要的社会关注焦点。子宫移植（UTx）是因治疗恶性子宫肿瘤或分娩后大量出血而切除子宫，或因先天性疾病如 Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster 综合征等导致子宫因素不孕的年轻女性的一种潜在替代方法。在实验动物中，UTx 已被作为建立因子宫因素不孕的年轻女性生育能力的基础进行了研究。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了日本的代孕和 UTx 研究，并讨论了该领域的现状和关注点。
