Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hypothalamic Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
J Clin Invest. 2011 Jun;121(6):2087-93. doi: 10.1172/JCI45888. Epub 2011 Jun 1.
Cloned in 1994, the ob gene encodes the protein hormone leptin, which is produced and secreted by white adipose tissue. Since its discovery, leptin has been found to have profound effects on behavior, metabolic rate, endocrine axes, and glucose fluxes. Leptin deficiency in mice and humans causes morbid obesity, diabetes, and various neuroendocrine anomalies, and replacement leads to decreased food intake, normalized glucose homeostasis, and increased energy expenditure. Here, we provide an update on the most current understanding of leptin-sensitive neural pathways in terms of both anatomical organization and physiological roles.
1994 年克隆的 ob 基因编码蛋白激素瘦素，由白色脂肪组织产生和分泌。自发现以来，瘦素对行为、代谢率、内分泌轴和葡萄糖通量都有深远的影响。小鼠和人类的瘦素缺乏会导致病态肥胖、糖尿病和各种神经内分泌异常，而补充瘦素则会导致食物摄入量减少、葡萄糖稳态正常化和能量消耗增加。在这里，我们根据解剖组织和生理作用，提供了对瘦素敏感的神经通路的最新理解。
