Pankhania Supna R, Firth Alison Y
Academic Unit of Ophthalmology and Orthoptics, University of Sheffield, K Floor, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
Strabismus. 2011 Jun;19(2):52-6. doi: 10.3109/09273972.2011.578192.
To determine if there is a difference between the response AC/A ratios when measured using the gradient method at near and distance fixation with plus and minus lenses respectively in young adults with normal binocular single vision.
A repeated measures design was used. The accommodative response of the right eye was measured objectively using the Shin-Nippon SRW-5000 autorefractor (Grand Seiko Company, Fukuyama, Japan) (open view) at 33 cm with and without plus lenses (2DS or 3DS) and at 3.8 m with and without minus lenses (2DS or 3DS) dependent on the participants' ability to obtain subjectively "clear" vision. The angle of deviation was measured using the alternate prism cover test at 33 cm and 3.8m fixing with the right eye with the participant sat at the autorefractor. LogMAR 0.0 (6/6) was used for fixation. Response AC/A ratios were calculated.
Twenty-five participants were examined; mean and standard deviation of their ages were 21.2 ± 4.04 years. The mean and standard deviation of the near response AC/A ratios was 4.73 ± 2.34/1 and at distance was 3.05 ± 1.71/1. Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient showed no correlation between the 2 sets of data. Paired t-test showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the near and distance response AC/A ratios (t = 3.30, p = 0.003). The difference was found to be greater in participants who were non-orthoptic students.
The response AC/A ratio was found to be slightly higher at 33 cm with plus lenses than at 3.8 m with minus lenses. No reason was identified for this difference but adaptation and perceptual effects could be further explored.
确定在具有正常双眼单视的年轻成年人中，分别使用梯度法在近距和远距注视时，使用正负透镜测量的调节反应性AC/A比率之间是否存在差异。
采用重复测量设计。使用日本福山精工株式会社生产的新日本SRW-5000自动验光仪（开放式视野），根据参与者主观获得“清晰”视力的能力，在33厘米处有或没有正透镜（2DS或3DS）以及在3.8米处有或没有负透镜（2DS或3DS）的情况下客观测量右眼的调节反应。在参与者坐在自动验光仪前，用右眼在33厘米和3.8米处注视时，使用交替棱镜遮盖试验测量偏斜角度。使用LogMAR 0.0（6/6）进行注视。计算调节反应性AC/A比率。
检查了25名参与者；他们的年龄均值和标准差分别为21.2±4.04岁。近距调节反应性AC/A比率的均值和标准差为4.73±2.34/棱镜度，远距为3.05±1.71/棱镜度。皮尔逊积矩相关系数显示两组数据之间无相关性。配对t检验显示近距和远距调节反应性AC/A比率之间存在统计学显著差异（t = 3.30，p = 0.003）。发现这种差异在非视光学专业学生中更大。
发现使用正透镜在33厘米处的调节反应性AC/A比率略高于使用负透镜在3.8米处的比率。未确定造成这种差异的原因，但可以进一步探讨适应性和感知效应。
