Departments of Anesthesiology and Psychology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center.
Cogn Sci. 2007 Nov 12;31(6):1035-45. doi: 10.1080/03640210701704004.
In their article, Is the Brain a Quantum Computer,? Litt, Eliasmith, Kroon, Weinstein, and Thagard (2006) criticize the Penrose-Hameroff "Orch OR" quantum computational model of consciousness, arguing instead for neurocomputation as an explanation for mental phenomena. Here I clarify and defend Orch OR, show how Orch OR and neurocomputation are compatible, and question whether neurocomputation alone can physiologically account for coherent gamma synchrony EEG, a candidate for the neural correlate of consciousness. Orch OR is based on quantum computation in microtubules within dendrites in cortex and other regions linked by dendritic-dendritic gap junctions ("dendritic webs") acting as laterally connected input layers of the brain's neurocomputational architecture. Within dendritic webs, consciousness is proposed to occur as gamma EEG-synchronized sequences of discrete quantum computational events acting in integration phases of neurocomputational "integrate-and-fire" cycles. Orch OR is a viable approach toward understanding how the brain produces consciousness.
在他们的文章《大脑是量子计算机吗？》中，Litt、Eliasmith、Kroon、Weinstein 和 Thagard（2006）批评了彭罗斯-哈梅罗夫“Orch OR”意识量子计算模型，转而支持神经计算来解释心理现象。在这里，我澄清并捍卫了 Orch OR，展示了 Orch OR 和神经计算如何兼容，并质疑神经计算是否单独可以在生理学上解释相干伽马同步 EEG，这是意识的神经相关物的候选者。Orch OR 基于微管中的量子计算，这些微管位于皮层和其他区域的树突中，通过树突-树突间隙连接（“树突网络”）连接，作为大脑神经计算架构的侧向连接输入层。在树突网络中，意识被提议作为离散量子计算事件的伽马 EEG 同步序列发生，这些事件在神经计算的“整合-点火”循环的整合阶段起作用。Orch OR 是理解大脑如何产生意识的一种可行方法。
