Department of Neuroscience, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Cell Metab. 2011 Jun 8;13(6):639-54. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2011.05.001.
Circadian rhythms are regulated by a synchronized system of central and peripheral clocks. Here, we show that a clock in the Drosophila fat body drives rhythmic expression of genes involved in metabolism, detoxification, the immune response, and steroid hormone regulation. Some of these genes cycle even when the fat body clock is disrupted, indicating that they are regulated by exogenous factors. Food is an important stimulus, as limiting food availability to a 6 hr interval each day drives rhythmic expression of genes in the fat body. Restricting food to a time of day when consumption is typically low desynchronizes internal rhythms because it alters the phase of rhythmic gene expression in the fat body without affecting the brain clock. Flies maintained on this paradigm produce fewer eggs than those restricted to food at the normal time. These data suggest that desynchrony of endogenous rhythms, caused by aberrant feeding patterns, affects reproductive fitness.
昼夜节律受中枢和外周时钟同步系统的调节。在这里，我们发现果蝇脂肪体中的一个时钟驱动与代谢、解毒、免疫反应和类固醇激素调节相关的基因的节律性表达。其中一些基因即使在破坏脂肪体时钟时也会循环，这表明它们受到外源因素的调节。食物是一个重要的刺激因素，因为每天将食物供应限制在 6 小时的间隔内会驱动脂肪体中基因的节律性表达。将食物限制在通常消耗较低的时间段会打乱内部节律，因为它改变了脂肪体中节律性基因表达的相位，而不影响大脑时钟。在这种模式下维持的果蝇比那些在正常时间限制食物的果蝇产生的卵子更少。这些数据表明，由异常进食模式引起的内源性节律失协调会影响生殖适应性。
