Clark F D, Ni Y, Collisson E W, Kemp M C
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-4467.
Avian Dis. 1990 Apr-Jun;34(2):304-14.
Avian reoviruses have been associated with several pathologic conditions, but correlative relationships between genotypes and specific diseases have not been demonstrated. Six avian reoviruses (883, 176, 81-5, S1133, FC, and TX) were selected for this study, and a comparative study of the pathogenic properties of the viruses in chickens, following peroral and footpad inoculation, was carried out, along with a comparison of the electrophoretic mobility of viral genomic segments and viral proteins encoded by the gene segments. The pathogenic properties of the viruses were shown to be diverse, with three distinct pathotypes being defined: Pathotype I (883) caused only a syndrome that we have termed "transient digestive system disorder" (TDSD); Pathotype II (FC, TX, and S1133) caused only "viral arthritis syndrome" (VAS), whereas Pathotype III (176 and 81-5) caused both TDSD and VAS. Likewise, the genomes of the viruses were shown to be extremely polymorphic, with a maximum of five segments co-migrating between any two strains. Considerable variation in the electrophoretic mobility of the encoded proteins also was demonstrated with pronounced variation in the molecular size of the sigma 4 protein, the purported viral attachment protein, being evident. These results show that the genomes of avian reoviruses were extremely polymorphic, preventing correlation between genotypes and pathotypes. But these studies have provided us with the genetic elements needed to characterize the gene functions involved in viral pathogenesis.
禽呼肠孤病毒与多种病理状况有关，但尚未证实基因型与特定疾病之间存在关联关系。本研究选取了六种禽呼肠孤病毒（883、176、81 - 5、S1133、FC和TX），对口服和脚垫接种病毒后鸡体内病毒的致病特性进行了比较研究，并对病毒基因组片段以及由这些基因片段编码的病毒蛋白的电泳迁移率进行了比较。结果表明，这些病毒的致病特性各不相同，可分为三种不同的致病型：致病型I（883）仅引起一种我们称为“短暂消化系统紊乱”（TDSD）的综合征；致病型II（FC、TX和S1133）仅引起“病毒性关节炎综合征”（VAS），而致病型III（176和81 - 5）则同时引起TDSD和VAS。同样，这些病毒的基因组显示出极高的多态性，任意两个毒株之间最多有五个片段共迁移。编码蛋白的电泳迁移率也存在显著差异，据称的病毒附着蛋白sigma 4蛋白的分子大小有明显变化。这些结果表明，禽呼肠孤病毒的基因组具有极高的多态性，使得基因型与致病型之间无法建立关联。但这些研究为我们提供了表征病毒致病过程中涉及的基因功能所需的遗传元件。
