Silberhorn E M, Glauert H P, Robertson L W
Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington.
Crit Rev Toxicol. 1990;20(6):440-96. doi: 10.3109/10408449009029331.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) are compounds whose physical/chemical properties led to their widespread commercial use. Although their production has been banned or severely limited in most countries since the 1970s, the persistence and stability of these compounds have resulted in a worldwide distribution, especially of PCBs. PBB contamination is limited principally to the state of Michigan, where a series of tragic errors eventually resulted in the accumulation of residues in livestock and the general human population. Long-term exposure to PCBs and PBBs in animals has been associated with the induction of neoplastic nodules in the liver and in some cases hepatocellular carcinoma. This review discusses the role of PCBs and PBBs in the process of carcinogenesis. The mutagenicity/genotoxicity of these compounds, as well as their initiation/promotion potential is discussed. The epidemiology of PCB and PBB exposure is reported along with an estimation of the risk of cancer to humans. Finally, possible molecular mechanisms of action are suggested for polyhalogenated biphenyls in cancer development.
多氯联苯（PCBs）和多溴联苯（PBBs）是因其物理/化学性质而被广泛用于商业用途的化合物。尽管自20世纪70年代以来，大多数国家已禁止或严格限制其生产，但这些化合物的持久性和稳定性导致它们在全球范围内分布，尤其是多氯联苯。多溴联苯污染主要局限于密歇根州，在那里一系列悲惨的失误最终导致这些残留物在牲畜和普通人群中积累。动物长期接触多氯联苯和多溴联苯与肝脏中肿瘤性结节的诱发有关，在某些情况下还与肝细胞癌有关。本综述讨论了多氯联苯和多溴联苯在致癌过程中的作用。讨论了这些化合物的致突变性/遗传毒性以及它们的启动/促进潜力。报告了多氯联苯和多溴联苯暴露的流行病学情况，并估计了对人类的癌症风险。最后，提出了多卤联苯在癌症发展中可能的分子作用机制。
