Belon Ana Paula, Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo
Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2011 May;27(5):877-87. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2011000500006.
This study investigated the impact of variation in mortality by age group and cause of death on gains in life expectancy at birth in the city of Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, in 1991, 2000, and 2005. Life tables were constructed. Pollard's method was used to estimate the contributions by age group and cause of death on gains in life expectancy. In 1991-2000, the age group that most contributed was 0-1 year (31.1% for males and 22.9% for females). In 2000-2005, 79% of the gain for males was the result of mortality improvements in the 15-44-year bracket. Cardiovascular diseases made the largest contribution in 1991-2000 (66.1% for males and 43.5% for females). A loss in longevity was seen in men (1.1 year) resulting from increased mortality from external causes. In 2000-2005, the substantial gain (2.3 year) in male life expectancy was due to a reduction in mortality from external causes. Neoplasms had a negative effect on the gain (0.11 year for males and 0.15 for females). These findings should help support public health policies to reduce mortality risks and increase life expectancy.
本研究调查了1991年、2000年和2005年巴西圣保罗州坎皮纳斯市不同年龄组死亡率变化及死因对出生时预期寿命增长的影响。构建了生命表。采用波拉德方法估算不同年龄组和死因对预期寿命增长的贡献。1991 - 2000年，贡献最大的年龄组是0 - 1岁（男性为31.1%，女性为22.9%）。2000 - 2005年，男性预期寿命增长的79%是15 - 44岁年龄组死亡率改善的结果。1991 - 2000年，心血管疾病的贡献最大（男性为66.1%，女性为43.5%）。男性因外部原因导致的死亡率上升出现了寿命损失（1.1岁）。2000 - 2005年，男性预期寿命大幅增长（2.3岁）是由于外部原因导致的死亡率降低。肿瘤对预期寿命增长有负面影响（男性为0.11岁，女性为0.15岁）。这些研究结果应有助于支持公共卫生政策，以降低死亡风险并提高预期寿命。
