Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
Vet Microbiol. 2011 Nov 21;153(1-2):109-15. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.05.022. Epub 2011 May 19.
Pasteurella multocida is a capsulated, gram-negative cocco-bacillus that can cause serious disease in a wide range of mammals and birds. P. multocida strains are classified into 16 serovars based on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigens. LPS is an essential virulence factor of P. multocida; mutants expressing severely truncated LPS are completely attenuated in chickens. LPS is also a major immunogen of P. multocida and protection against infections caused by P. multocida is generally considered to be serovar specific. In this review we summarize current knowledge of the structure and genetics of LPS assembly of P. multocida strains belonging to five different serovars. These include strains belonging to serovars 1 and 3, the most common serovars found in the poultry industry, and strains belonging serovars 2 and 5, the serovars associated with bovine haemorrhagic septicaemia outbreaks. A number of the serovars are genetically related; serovars 1 and 14 share the same LPS outer core biosynthesis locus, but due to a mutation within the phosphocholine biosynthesis gene, pcgA, the serovar 14 strain produces a truncated LPS structure. Similarly serovars 2 and 5 share an identical LPS outer core locus and express near-identical LPS structures. However, due to a single point mutation in the phosphoethanolamine (PEtn) transferase gene, lpt_3, the serovar 2 strain does not elaborate a PEtn residue on heptose II. Knowledge of the genetic basis for the LPS structures expressed by P. multocida will facilitate the development of rapid molecular methods for typing and diagnosis and will be essential for a rational approach to vaccine formulation.
多杀巴斯德菌是一种有荚膜的革兰氏阴性球菌-杆菌，可引起多种哺乳动物和鸟类的严重疾病。根据脂多糖 (LPS) 抗原，多杀巴斯德菌菌株可分为 16 个血清型。LPS 是多杀巴斯德菌的重要毒力因子；表达严重截断 LPS 的突变体在鸡中完全减毒。LPS 也是多杀巴斯德菌的主要免疫原，对多杀巴斯德菌感染的保护通常被认为是血清型特异性的。在这篇综述中，我们总结了属于五个不同血清型的多杀巴斯德菌菌株 LPS 组装的结构和遗传学的最新知识。这些包括属于血清型 1 和 3 的菌株，这是家禽业中最常见的血清型，以及属于血清型 2 和 5 的菌株，这些血清型与牛出血性败血症的爆发有关。许多血清型在遗传学上是相关的；血清型 1 和 14 共享相同的 LPS 外核心生物合成基因座，但由于磷酸胆碱生物合成基因 pcgA 内的突变，血清型 14 菌株产生截断的 LPS 结构。同样，血清型 2 和 5 共享相同的 LPS 外核心基因座，并表达几乎相同的 LPS 结构。然而，由于磷酸乙醇胺 (PEtn) 转移酶基因 lpt_3 中的单点突变，血清型 2 菌株不在庚糖 II 上产生 PEtn 残基。了解多杀巴斯德菌表达 LPS 结构的遗传基础将有助于开发快速的分子分型和诊断方法，并为疫苗配方的合理方法提供必要的基础。
