Merdassi A, Limaiem R, Turki F, Chaker N, Falfoul Y, Mghaieth F, Korchane N, Matri L El
Institut d'ophtalmologie Hédi Rais de Tunis (Service B), 1006 Bab Saadoun, Tunis, Tunisie.
Arch Pediatr. 2011 Aug;18(8):870-3. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2011.05.009. Epub 2011 Jun 12.
Congenital rubella is a rare and serious disease including auditory neurological, cardiac, urinary, and ocular abnormalities. The eye complaints are often congenital cataract, congenital glaucoma, microphthalmia, and oculomotor disorders. We report the case of a 6-year-old girl presenting with a unilateral congenital cataract associated with congenital rubella. She was referred for complaints of high myopia in her right eye. She had a family history of cardiac and urogenital malformations, and presented deafness at birth. The ophthalmologic examination showed a microcornea and a unilateral dense congenital cataract in the right eye. B-scan ophthalmic ultrasound revealed a posterior microphthalmos. The anterior segment examination of the left eye was normal. Funduscopy revealed a salt-and-pepper appearance. Laboratory tests revealed a positive serology, confirming the congenital rubella. Given her complaints of loss of visual acuity in the right eye, the patient was operated on with a phacoaspiration implant in the capsular bag. The postoperative course was uneventful. The prevention of congenital rubella is based on routine vaccination of children. The association of cataract, congenital heart defects, and deafness must be systematically investigated as it may be more serious in association with systemic manifestations.
先天性风疹是一种罕见且严重的疾病，包括听觉神经、心脏、泌尿和眼部异常。眼部症状通常为先天性白内障、先天性青光眼、小眼症和动眼障碍。我们报告一例6岁女孩，患有与先天性风疹相关的单侧先天性白内障。她因右眼高度近视前来就诊。她有心脏和泌尿生殖系统畸形的家族史，出生时即有耳聋。眼科检查显示右眼角膜微小，存在单侧致密先天性白内障。B超眼部超声检查显示后部小眼症。左眼眼前节检查正常。眼底检查显示椒盐样外观。实验室检查血清学呈阳性，确诊为先天性风疹。鉴于她右眼视力下降的症状，患者接受了囊袋内超声乳化植入手术。术后过程顺利。先天性风疹的预防基于儿童常规疫苗接种。白内障、先天性心脏缺陷和耳聋的关联必须进行系统调查，因为与全身表现相关时可能更为严重。
