Shen Zheng-Yu, Liu Wei, Bao Zhe-Xuan, Zhou Zeng-Tong, Wang Li-Zhen
Department of Dermatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011 Jul;112(1):e21-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.02.040.
Oral malignant melanoma must be differentiated from melanotic macule.
Retrospective review of 2 series of oral melanotic macule (n = 52) and oral melanoma (n = 130) were conducted to investigate the epidemiology and location involved and assess their differences.
The mean age of oral melanotic macule patients was 47.3 years, with female:male ratio 2.1 and the lower lip being the predominant location. The mean age of oral melanoma patients was 53.8 years, with no observed sex predilection and the main locations being palate and gingiva. Differences between the 2 cohorts in age (P = .006), gender (P = .014), and lesion site (P < .001) were noted. In this review, 1 case of oral melanotic macule was found to subsequently develop into melanoma.
Oral melanotic macule may possess malignant potential. Biopsy is recommended to differentiate oral melanoma from melanotic macule for male patients >60 years old with suspected melanotic macule lesion located on the palate.
口腔恶性黑色素瘤必须与黑色素斑相鉴别。
对2组口腔黑色素斑（n = 52）和口腔黑色素瘤（n = 130）进行回顾性研究，以调查其流行病学特征、受累部位并评估两者差异。
口腔黑色素斑患者的平均年龄为47.3岁，女性与男性比例为2.1，下唇为主要发病部位。口腔黑色素瘤患者的平均年龄为53.8岁，未观察到性别偏好，主要发病部位为腭部和牙龈。注意到两组在年龄（P = .006）、性别（P = .014）和病变部位（P < .001）方面存在差异。在本综述中，发现1例口腔黑色素斑随后发展为黑色素瘤。
口腔黑色素斑可能具有恶变潜能。对于年龄>60岁、疑似腭部有黑色素斑病变的男性患者，建议进行活检以鉴别口腔黑色素瘤与黑色素斑。
