School of Psychology, A18-Brennan MacCallum, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Addict Behav. 2011 Oct;36(10):980-6. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.05.010. Epub 2011 May 30.
The current study investigated whether binge drinking in female undergraduates could be reduced by the mere measurement effect (MME), and by altering binge drinker prototypes from the prototype willingness model (PWM). Whether willingness added to the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) was also explored. Female undergraduates aged 17-25 (N=122) were randomly allocated to a prototype manipulation, mere measurement, or control group, and completed two online questionnaires separated by 14-21 days. Controlling for past behaviour, MME group consumed less alcohol than the control group, and this effect was more extreme for those who previously consumed more alcohol. However, the prototype manipulation had no effect. The TPB variables were predictive of intentions and behaviour, but willingness was not. Despite limitations, the MME could be utilised to reduce binge drinking in female undergraduates. The TPB appears to model binge drinking in female undergraduates better than the PWM, implying that binge drinking can be a reasoned behaviour.
本研究旨在探究单纯测量效应（MME）是否能减少女大学生的 binge drinking 行为，以及通过改变原型意愿模型（PWM）中的 binge drinker 原型是否有同样的效果。同时，本研究还探究了意愿在计划行为理论（TPB）中的作用。研究招募了 17-25 岁的女大学生（N=122），并将其随机分配到原型干预组、单纯测量组或对照组，参与者需要分别在 14-21 天内完成两份线上问卷。控制过去的行为后，MME 组的饮酒量比对照组少，而对于那些之前饮酒量较多的参与者，这种效果更为明显。然而，原型干预组并没有效果。TPB 中的变量可以预测意图和行为，但意愿则不能。尽管存在一些限制，MME 可能被用于减少女大学生的 binge drinking 行为。TPB 似乎比 PWM 更能很好地对女大学生的 binge drinking 行为进行建模，这意味着 binge drinking 可能是一种理性行为。
