急诊病房中的酒精使用障碍：最佳评估模式的选择及高危情况的识别
Alcohol use disorders in the emergency ward: choice of the best mode of assessment and identification of at-risk situations.
作者信息
Richoux Charlotte, Ferrand Isabelle, Casalino Enrique, Fleury Benoit, Ginsburg Christine, Lejoyeux Michel
机构信息
Hopital Maison Blanche, Paris, France.
出版信息
Int J Emerg Med. 2011 Jun 14;4(1):27. doi: 10.1186/1865-1380-4-27.
BACKGROUND
This study aims to identify the prevalence and at-risk situations of alcohol use disorders among patients examined in the emergency department and to compare the scales commonly used to identify alcohol use disorders.
METHODS
We used the CAGE and AUDIT questionnaires and a structured interview, the MINI.
FINDINGS
Of the presenting patients, 9.5% met the DSM-IV criteria for alcohol use disorders. The CAGE questionnaire was less sensitive (75%) and more specific (92%) than the AUDIT (87 and 80%, respectively). The typical alcohol-dependent patient is a young man who is unemployed and brought to the emergency department by the police. During the past 24 h, he has consumed alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, sedatives or cannabis.
CONCLUSION
Of the patients, 9.5% examined in the emergency department present with alcohol abuse or dependence without asking spontaneously for treatment for their addiction. These results support the importance of systematically identifying alcohol use disorders with a simple and rapid questionnaire such as the CAGE questionnaire.
背景
本研究旨在确定急诊科就诊患者中酒精使用障碍的患病率和风险情况，并比较常用于识别酒精使用障碍的量表。
方法
我们使用了CAGE问卷、AUDIT问卷以及一种结构化访谈工具MINI。
研究结果
在前来就诊的患者中，9.5%符合酒精使用障碍的DSM-IV标准。CAGE问卷的敏感性较低（75%），特异性较高（92%），而AUDIT问卷的敏感性和特异性分别为87%和80%。典型的酒精依赖患者是一名失业青年男性，由警方送至急诊科。在过去24小时内，他曾使用过酒精、尼古丁、可卡因、镇静剂或大麻。
结论
在急诊科就诊的患者中，9.5%存在酒精滥用或依赖情况，但并未主动寻求成瘾治疗。这些结果支持了使用简单快速的问卷（如CAGE问卷）系统识别酒精使用障碍的重要性。
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