Induction chemo-radiotherapy and maintenance alternating chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer.

Seventy-four patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) entered a program consisting of induction with three courses of CAV (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and vincristine) in limited disease or two courses of CAV plus two courses of DDP-VP16 (cisplatin, etoposide) in extensive disease, followed by chest radiotherapy (45 Gy) and prophylactic brain irradiation (30 Gy) in responsive patients. Subsequently, patients with response or stable disease received maintenance therapy by alternating courses of CAV, DDP-VP16 and C'MP (CCNU, methotrexate, procarbazine) during 1 year or until relapse. Sixty-seven patients were evaluable. Among 24 patients with limited disease 7/23 (30%) showed complete response, 15/23 (65%) partial response and 1/23 (5%) stable disease. Among 50 patients with extensive disease 1/44 (2%) showed complete response, 21/44 (48%) partial response, 13/44 (30%) stable disease and 9/44 (20%) progressive disease. Actuarial median survival in all patients was 8 months, in responders 11 months, and in failures (stable plus progressive patients) 4 months. Median survival was 11 months in limited disease patients and 7 months in extensive disease patients. Six patients became long-term survivors (8%). Despite the maintenance therapy with three different alternating chemotherapy regimens, our results were not superior to those obtained by more conventional chemotherapy.