Department of Health Sciences and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Kidney Blood Press Res. 2011;34(6):387-95. doi: 10.1159/000327850. Epub 2011 Jun 11.
Regular physical activity has a favorable effect upon the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Various movements in sports, however, affect blood pressure (BP) differently.
In the present study, the resting BP data of a large number (3,697) of young men and women (age: 19-40 years) who participated in sports medical examinations were compared according to their sport. Athletes were arranged into definite subgroups based on their different sport activities, i.e. if their movement pattern characteristics were similar and no significant intergroup differences were seen in BP values.
BP values were lower in the dynamic type athletes (speed, endurance sports and ball games) than in the static type. Out of the endurance athletes, BP values were not lower in cycle racers, kayakers/canoeists and rowers. In water athletes, BP values were higher than in corresponding dry-land athletes. There was a quite large significant difference between the BP values of athletes involved in static muscular activity (power athletes) and dynamic-type strength athletes (combat competitors).
Although cycling, kayaking/canoeing and competitive water sports increase BP, as leisure time activities they more than likely do not elevate BP.
有规律的身体活动对预防和治疗高血压有积极作用。然而，体育运动中的各种运动对血压的影响不同。
在本研究中，根据运动项目对大量（3697 人）参加运动医学检查的年轻男女（年龄：19-40 岁）的静息血压数据进行了比较。运动员根据其不同的运动活动被分为确定的亚组，即如果他们的运动模式特征相似，并且血压值在组间没有显著差异。
动态型运动员（速度、耐力运动和球类运动）的血压值低于静态型运动员。耐力运动员中，自行车运动员、皮划艇运动员和赛艇运动员的血压值并没有降低。水上运动员的血压值高于相应的陆上运动员。参与静力性肌肉活动（力量运动员）和动力型力量运动员（格斗运动员）的血压值之间存在相当大的显著差异。
虽然骑自行车、皮划艇/划艇和竞技水上运动可以增加血压，但作为休闲活动，它们不太可能使血压升高。
