Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Clin J Pain. 2012 Jan;28(1):73-80. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e31822363f4.
Recent work suggests that psychological influence on pain intensity and knee function should be considered for patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) have been used to determine psychological influence in these patients. However, TSK and PCS factor structures have not been described for patients with ACLR. This study investigated 2 groups of patients post-ACLR to determine if the use of shortened questionnaires is warranted.
Cross-sectional study in which patients completed measures during early (n=105, median days from surgery=56.0) and late (n=184, median days from surgery=195.0) postoperative phases of ACLR rehabilitation.
Shortened questionnaires for fear of pain, fear of injury, and somatic focus were generated for the TSK-11. A shortened questionnaire for magnification/helplessness and rumination was generated for the PCS in the late group only. There were minimal differences in the shortened questionnaires for clinical subgroups based on sex, ACLR graft type, method of injury, or nature of injury. Correlation and regression analyses suggested a shortened version of the TSK-11 for fear of injury was appropriate for use in the early postoperative phase, whereas the original TSK-11 scale may be appropriate for use in the late postoperative phase. There were no shortened versions of the PCS for consideration in the early postoperative phase, but a shortened version for magnification/helplessness was appropriate for use in the late postoperative phase.
Shortened versions of the TSK-11 and PCS may be appropriate for ACLR populations, depending on the postoperative phase. These data may guide future research of psychological factors in ACLR populations so that levels predictive of risk for developing chronic pain and/or inability to return to pre-injury activity levels can be determined.
最近的研究表明，在前交叉韧带重建（ACLR）后，应考虑患者的心理影响对疼痛强度和膝关节功能的影响。坦帕运动恐惧量表（TSK）和疼痛灾难化量表（PCS）已被用于确定这些患者的心理影响。然而，TSK 和 PCS 因子结构尚未在 ACLR 患者中描述。本研究调查了 ACLR 后两组患者，以确定是否需要使用缩短的问卷。
这是一项横断面研究，患者在 ACLR 康复的早期（n=105，术后天数中位数=56.0）和晚期（n=184，术后天数中位数=195.0）阶段完成测量。
为 TSK-11 生成了针对疼痛恐惧、伤害恐惧和躯体焦点的简短问卷。仅在晚期组为 PCS 生成了针对放大/无助和沉思的简短问卷。根据性别、ACL 移植物类型、受伤方式或受伤性质，临床亚组的缩短问卷差异很小。相关和回归分析表明，缩短的 TSK-11 恐惧伤害量表适用于早期术后阶段，而原始 TSK-11 量表可能适用于晚期术后阶段。早期术后阶段没有 PCS 的缩短版本，但晚期术后阶段的放大/无助缩短版本是合适的。
TSK-11 和 PCS 的缩短版本可能适用于 ACLR 人群，具体取决于术后阶段。这些数据可能指导 ACLR 人群中未来的心理因素研究，以便确定预测发展为慢性疼痛和/或无法恢复到受伤前活动水平的风险的水平。
