Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement (IRM), School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2011 Aug;21 Suppl 1:23-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01338.x.
This study investigated whether regular alpine skiing could reverse sarcopenia and muscle weakness in older individuals. Twenty-two older men and women (67 ± 2 years) underwent 12 weeks of recreational skiing, two to three times a week, each session lasting ∼ 3.5 h. An age-matched, inactive group (n=20, 67 ± 4 years) served as a control (CTRL). Before and after the training period, knee extensors muscle thickness (T(m) ), pennation angle (θ) and fascicle length (L(f) ) of the vastus lateralis muscle were measured by ultrasound. Maximum isokinetic knee extensor torque (MIT) at an angular velocity of 60°/s was measured by dynamometry. After the training, T(m) increased by 7.1% (P<0.001), L(f) by 5.4% (P<0.02) and θ by 3.4% (P<0.05). The increase in T(m) was matched by a significant gain in MIT (13.3%, P<0.001). No significant changes, except for a decrease in θ (2.1%, P<0.02), were found in the CTRL group. The gain in T(m) in the training group correlated significantly with an increase in the focal adhesion kinase content, pointing to a primary role of this mechano-sensitive protein in sarcomere remodeling with muscle hypertrophy. Overall, the results show that alpine skiing is an effective intervention for combating sarcopenia and weakness in old age.
这项研究旨在探讨定期高山滑雪是否可以逆转老年人的肌肉减少症和肌肉无力。22 名老年男性和女性（67 ± 2 岁）接受了 12 周的娱乐性滑雪训练，每周 2-3 次，每次持续约 3.5 小时。一个年龄匹配、不活跃的组（n=20，67 ± 4 岁）作为对照组（CTRL）。在训练前后，通过超声测量股外侧肌的膝关节伸肌肌厚（T(m)）、肌纤维角（θ）和肌纤维长度（L(f)）。通过动态测力法测量角速度为 60°/s 时的最大等速膝关节伸肌扭矩（MIT）。经过训练，T(m)增加了 7.1%（P<0.001），L(f)增加了 5.4%（P<0.02），θ增加了 3.4%（P<0.05）。T(m)的增加与 MIT 的显著增加（13.3%，P<0.001）相匹配。CTRL 组除了 θ 降低（2.1%，P<0.02）外，没有发现其他显著变化。训练组 T(m)的增加与粘着斑激酶含量的增加显著相关，表明这种机械敏感蛋白在肌节重塑和肌肉肥大中起着主要作用。总的来说，这些结果表明高山滑雪是对抗老年人肌肉减少症和虚弱的有效干预措施。
