Faculty of Education and Social Work, University of Sydney, Australia. j.o’
Health Educ Res. 2011 Dec;26(6):1086-96. doi: 10.1093/her/cyr042. Epub 2011 Jun 17.
This national study examined student breakfast consumption and nutritional quality of breakfast in 2000 and 2006 by gender, school grade, school socioeconomic status (SES) and weight status after the implementation of a national breakfast promotion campaign. Participants were 4237 schoolchildren in grades 2-12 from 32 schools in 2000 and 5645 schoolchildren from the same schools in 2006. Height and weight were measured. Missing breakfast decreased from 2000 to 2006 in primary school females (9.6-6.0%) and males (9.4-6.0%) and in secondary school females (27.7-18.7%) and males (19.9-12.1%). Breakfast skipping was greater and nutritional quality was poorer in students from low SES schools in both study years but significant improvement was seen from 2000 to 2006 among all SES groups. Overweight/obese participants were more likely than normal weight students to miss breakfast in 2000 (20.7% versus 16.0%) and in 2006 (14.3% versus 10.4%) but significant improvement was observed over the 6-year study period. Findings suggest that the consistent, significant and far-reaching improvements in breakfast consumption observed in this study were attributed to the breakfast promotion program conducted in each school community and disseminated nationally via a mass media campaign.
本研究调查了 2000 年和 2006 年在全国性早餐推广活动实施后，不同性别、年级、学校社会经济地位（SES）和体重状况下学生的早餐消费和早餐营养质量。参与者为来自 32 所学校的 4237 名 2-12 年级的学生和来自同一学校的 5645 名学生。测量了身高和体重。从 2000 年到 2006 年，小学生中不吃早餐的比例（女生 9.6-6.0%，男生 9.4-6.0%）和中学生中不吃早餐的比例（女生 27.7-18.7%，男生 19.9-12.1%）均有所下降。在两个研究年度中，SES 较低的学校的学生不吃早餐的比例更大，早餐质量更差，但从 2000 年到 2006 年，所有 SES 群体均有所改善。与体重正常的学生相比，超重/肥胖的学生在 2000 年（20.7%比 16.0%）和 2006 年（14.3%比 10.4%）不吃早餐的可能性更大，但在 6 年的研究期间，这一情况有所改善。研究结果表明，本研究中观察到的早餐消费持续、显著且深远的改善归因于在每个学校社区开展的早餐推广计划以及通过大众媒体活动在全国范围内进行的传播。
