Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012 Jan;44(1):27-38. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318228879b.
This study was designed to examine the effects of high-fat (HF) diet and subsequent exercise training (Ex) on coronary arteries of an animal model of early stage CAD. We hypothesized that HF diet would induce early stage disease and promote a proatherogenic coronary phenotype, whereas Ex would blunt disease progression and induce a healthier anti-inflammatory environment reflected by the increased expression of antioxidant capacity and the decreased expression of inflammatory markers in both the macrovasculature and the microvasculature of the coronary circulation.
Immunohistochemistry in left anterior descending and right coronary arteries and immunoblots in left anterior descending and left ventricular arterioles were used to characterize the effects of HF diet and Ex on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis.
Our results revealed that HF diet promoted a proatherogenic coronary endothelial cell phenotype as evidenced by the endothelial expression of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Ex did not significantly alter any of these immunohistochemical markers in conduit arteries; however, Ex did increase antioxidant protein content in left ventricular arterioles.
We conclude that, at this early stage of CAD, Ex did not seem to modify vascular cell phenotypes of conduit coronary arteries from proatherogenic to a more favorable antiatherogenic status; however, Ex increased antioxidant protein content in coronary arterioles. These findings also support the idea that endothelial phenotype expression follows different patterns in the macrovasculature and microvasculature of the coronary circulation.
本研究旨在探讨高脂肪（HF）饮食和随后的运动训练（Ex）对早期 CAD 动物模型冠状动脉的影响。我们假设 HF 饮食会诱发早期疾病，并促进动脉粥样硬化前的冠状动脉表型，而 Ex 则会减轻疾病进展，并通过增加抗氧化能力的表达和降低炎症标志物的表达，在冠状动脉循环的大血管和微血管中诱导更健康的抗炎环境。
使用左前降支和右冠状动脉的免疫组织化学和左前降支和左心室小动脉的免疫印迹来描述 HF 饮食和 Ex 对冠状动脉粥样硬化进展的影响。
我们的结果表明，HF 饮食促进了动脉粥样硬化前的冠状动脉内皮细胞表型，表现为内皮细胞表达炎症和氧化应激标志物。Ex 并没有显著改变这些大血管中的任何一种免疫组织化学标志物；然而，Ex 确实增加了左心室小动脉中的抗氧化蛋白含量。
我们的结论是，在 CAD 的早期阶段，Ex 似乎并没有将大血管的血管细胞表型从动脉粥样硬化前状态改变为更有利的抗动脉粥样硬化状态；然而，Ex 增加了冠状动脉小动脉中的抗氧化蛋白含量。这些发现也支持这样一种观点，即内皮表型表达在冠状动脉循环的大血管和微血管中遵循不同的模式。
