Meibom Karin Lederballe, Charbit Alain
Faculté de Médecine Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes Paris, France.
Front Microbiol. 2010 Dec 24;1:140. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2010.00140. eCollection 2010.
Francisella tularensis is a Gram-negative bacterium capable of causing the zoonotic disease tularaemia in a large number of mammalian species and in arthropods. F. tularensis is a facultative intracellular bacterium that infects and replicates in vivo mainly inside macrophages. During its systemic dissemination, F. tularensis must cope with very different life conditions (such as survival in different target organs or tissues and/or survival in the blood stream…) and may thus encounter a broad variety of carbon substrates, nitrogen, phosphor, and sulfur sources, as well as very low concentrations of essential ions. The development of recent genome-wide genetic screens have led to the identification of hundreds of genes participating to variable extents to Francisella virulence. Remarkably, an important proportion of the genes identified are related to metabolic and nutritional functions. However, the relationship between nutrition and the in vivo life cycle of F. tularensis is yet poorly understood. In this review, we will address the importance of metabolism and nutrition for F. tularensis pathogenesis, focusing specifically on amino acid and carbohydrate requirements.
土拉弗朗西斯菌是一种革兰氏阴性细菌，能够在大量哺乳动物物种和节肢动物中引发人畜共患疾病兔热病。土拉弗朗西斯菌是一种兼性胞内细菌，主要在巨噬细胞内感染并复制。在其全身扩散过程中，土拉弗朗西斯菌必须应对非常不同的生活条件（如在不同靶器官或组织中的存活以及/或者在血流中的存活……），因此可能会遇到各种各样的碳源、氮源、磷源和硫源，以及极低浓度的必需离子。近期全基因组遗传筛选的发展已导致鉴定出数百个在不同程度上参与土拉弗朗西斯菌毒力的基因。值得注意的是，所鉴定出的基因中有很大一部分与代谢和营养功能相关。然而，营养与土拉弗朗西斯菌体内生命周期之间的关系仍知之甚少。在本综述中，我们将探讨代谢和营养对土拉弗朗西斯菌致病机制的重要性，特别关注氨基酸和碳水化合物需求。
