Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 6733 Medical Science Building II, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5620, USA
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2010 Jun;74(2):171-99. doi: 10.1128/MMBR.00046-09.
Like for all microbes, the goal of every pathogen is to survive and replicate. However, to overcome the formidable defenses of their hosts, pathogens are also endowed with traits commonly associated with virulence, such as surface attachment, cell or tissue invasion, and transmission. Numerous pathogens couple their specific virulence pathways with more general adaptations, like stress resistance, by integrating dedicated regulators with global signaling networks. In particular, many of nature's most dreaded bacteria rely on nucleotide alarmones to cue metabolic disturbances and coordinate survival and virulence programs. Here we discuss how components of the stringent response contribute to the virulence of a wide variety of pathogenic bacteria.
与所有微生物一样，每个病原体的目标都是生存和复制。然而，为了克服宿主强大的防御，病原体还具有通常与毒力相关的特征，例如表面附着、细胞或组织入侵和传播。许多病原体将其特定的毒力途径与更一般的适应能力（如抗应激能力）相结合，通过将专用调节剂与全局信号网络集成在一起。特别是，自然界中许多最可怕的细菌都依赖核苷酸警报素来提示代谢紊乱，并协调生存和毒力程序。在这里，我们讨论严格反应的成分如何促进各种致病菌的毒力。
