215 Stemmler Hall, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2011 Aug;21(4):544-52. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2011.05.019. Epub 2011 Jun 30.
Neuronal circuits underlying rhythmic behaviors (central pattern generators: CPGs) can generate rhythmic motor output without sensory input. However, sensory input is pivotal for generating behaviorally relevant CPG output. Here we discuss recent work in the decapod crustacean stomatogastric nervous system (STNS) identifying cellular and synaptic mechanisms whereby sensory inputs select particular motor outputs from CPG circuits. This includes several examples in which sensory neurons regulate the impact of descending projection neurons on CPG circuits. This level of analysis is possible in the STNS due to the relatively unique access to identified circuit, projection, and sensory neurons. These studies are also revealing additional degrees of freedom in sensorimotor integration that underlie the extensive flexibility intrinsic to rhythmic motor systems.
节律行为（中枢模式发生器：CPGs）的基础神经回路可以在没有感觉输入的情况下产生节律性运动输出。然而，感觉输入对于产生与行为相关的 CPG 输出至关重要。在这里，我们讨论了最近在十足目甲壳动物的口胃神经神经系统（STNS）中识别细胞和突触机制的工作，这些机制使感觉输入能够从 CPG 电路中选择特定的运动输出。这包括几个例子，其中感觉神经元调节下行投射神经元对 CPG 电路的影响。由于相对独特的方式可以访问已识别的电路、投射和感觉神经元，因此在 STNS 中可以进行这种水平的分析。这些研究还揭示了感觉运动整合的其他自由度，这些自由度是节律运动系统固有的广泛灵活性的基础。
