4th Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippocratio Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Lupus. 2011 Oct;20(10):1090-4. doi: 10.1177/0961203311403640. Epub 2011 Jun 23.
The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of the most relevant clinical features of the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a sample of male patients with lupus as well as the incidence of the main causes of morbidity in a 5-year period after the diagnosis. A further aim of this study was to investigate the impact of gender on expression and morbidity of SLE. Data were collected from the medical records of 59 male and 535 female patients with SLE who were diagnosed at the hospitals in the region of Thessaloniki. Several differences in the expression and morbidity of the disease were found in relation to the gender of the patient. Male patients had a higher prevalence of thromboses, nephropathy, strokes, gastrointestinal tract symptoms and antiphospholipid syndrome when compared with female patients, but tended to present less often with arthralgia, hair loss, Raynaud's phenomenon and photosensitivity as the initial clinical manifestations. During the 5-year follow-up, positive associations have been found between male gender and the incidence of tendonitis, myositis, nephropathy and infections, particularly of the respiratory tract. In conclusion, this study has provided information regarding the features of clinical expression and morbidity in male patients, and has shown that gender is a possible factor that can influence the clinical expression of SLE.
本研究旨在分析系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）男性患者样本中诊断最相关的临床特征的流行率，以及诊断后 5 年内主要发病原因的发病率。本研究的另一个目的是探讨性别对 SLE 表达和发病的影响。数据来自在塞萨洛尼基地区医院诊断的 59 名男性和 535 名女性 SLE 患者的病历。与患者的性别有关，在疾病的表达和发病方面发现了一些差异。与女性患者相比，男性患者的血栓形成、肾病、中风、胃肠道症状和抗磷脂综合征的患病率更高，但最初的临床表现往往较少出现关节痛、脱发、雷诺现象和光敏感。在 5 年的随访中，发现男性与肌腱炎、肌炎、肾病和感染（尤其是呼吸道感染）的发病率之间存在正相关关系。总之，本研究提供了有关男性患者临床表达和发病特征的信息，并表明性别可能是影响 SLE 临床表达的一个因素。
