Brook Judith S, Balka Elinor, Zhang Chenshu, Pahl Kerstin, Brook David W
Int J Ment Health. 2011 Spring;40(1):7-21. doi: 10.2753/IMH0020-7411400101.
Knowledge of early predictors which differentiate between various longitudinal smoking patterns might facilitate designing more effective interventions. Using data from 806 participants, we examined the association of three adolescent academic adjustment factors, Educational Aspirations and Expectations; Perception of School Achievement; and Trouble at School, to five trajectories of cigarette use covering 23 years from adolescence to adulthood. The five trajectory groups were: heavy/continuous smokers, late starters, quitter/decreasers, occasional smokers, and nonsmokers. Each academic factor predicted smoking trajectory group membership. Each academic factor was significantly associated with being a heavy/continuous smoker rather than a member of other trajectory groups. Behavioral academic factors also differentiated quitter/decreasers from late starters, occasional smokers, and nonsmokers. Adolescents manifesting academic maladjustment risk becoming early, chronic smokers. Prevention and intervention efforts targeting educational maladjustment may decrease cigarette smoking.
了解能够区分不同纵向吸烟模式的早期预测因素，可能有助于设计更有效的干预措施。我们利用806名参与者的数据，研究了青少年学业适应的三个因素，即教育抱负和期望、对学业成就的认知以及在学校遇到的问题，与从青少年到成年23年间的五种吸烟轨迹之间的关联。这五个轨迹组分别是：重度/持续吸烟者、晚吸烟者、戒烟者/减少吸烟者、偶尔吸烟者和不吸烟者。每个学业因素都能预测吸烟轨迹组成员身份。每个学业因素都与成为重度/持续吸烟者而非其他轨迹组的成员显著相关。行为学业因素也能将戒烟者/减少吸烟者与晚吸烟者、偶尔吸烟者和不吸烟者区分开来。表现出学业适应不良的青少年有成为早期慢性吸烟者的风险。针对教育适应不良的预防和干预措施可能会减少吸烟。
