Department of Dermatology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante 03010, Spain.
Contact Dermatitis. 2011 Oct;65(4):213-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2011.01943.x. Epub 2011 Jun 27.
Hand eczema is common in children, but affected children are seldom patch tested. Relatively few studies have assessed patch testing in the paediatric population, and none has specifically evaluated its use in hand eczema in children.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of contact allergy in children with hand eczema, and to identify the most frequent allergens and their relevance.
We performed a 5-year retrospective study of children (aged 0-15 years) with hand eczema tested with the Spanish baseline series at the Dermatology Departments of 11 Spanish hospitals.
During the study period, 11 729 patients were patch tested, of whom 480 were children. Hand eczema was present in 111 (23.1%) of the children and in 3437 (30.5%) of the adults. Of the children with hand eczema, 46.8% had at least one positive reaction in the patch tests. Current relevance was found for 78% of the allergens detected. The most common allergens were nickel sulfate, methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone, and fragrance mix I. Allergic contact dermatitis was the most frequent diagnosis (36%), followed by atopic dermatitis.
Allergic contact dermatitis was the most usual diagnosis in our series of children with hand eczema. We recommend patch testing of all children with chronic hand eczema, as is already performed in adults.
手部湿疹在儿童中很常见，但很少对受影响的儿童进行斑贴试验。评估儿科人群斑贴试验的研究相对较少，且没有专门评估其在儿童手部湿疹中的应用。
本研究旨在确定手部湿疹儿童的接触过敏患病率，并确定最常见的过敏原及其相关性。
我们对 11 家西班牙医院皮肤科接受西班牙基础系列斑贴试验的 0-15 岁手部湿疹儿童进行了为期 5 年的回顾性研究。
在研究期间，共对 11729 名患者进行了斑贴试验，其中 480 名为儿童。111 名（23.1%）儿童患有手部湿疹，3437 名（30.5%）成人患有手部湿疹。在患有手部湿疹的儿童中，46.8%的人在斑贴试验中有至少一种阳性反应。检测到的过敏原中有 78%具有当前相关性。最常见的过敏原是硫酸镍、甲基氯异噻唑啉酮/甲基异噻唑啉酮和香料混合物 I。过敏性接触性皮炎是最常见的诊断（36%），其次是特应性皮炎。
在我们的手部湿疹儿童系列中，过敏性接触性皮炎是最常见的诊断。我们建议对所有患有慢性手部湿疹的儿童进行斑贴试验，就像已经在成人中进行的那样。
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